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<br />~~ <br />nl <br /> <br /> <br /> <br />"- <br />Points facility. MmeCl shale (below, right) must <br />be hauled to above-ground retorts for processmg. <br /> <br />the boltom. The combusfion 01 lh('~t' gast'~ and ..orne <br />residual carbon in the spent ..hale result.. in ri..in~ hot <br />ga<,e<, that ht"at the raw shale to retorting temperature. <br />Oil vapors and gas ,ist' to the top (lIthe retor!, \\here <br />the)-' (an be remow'd. The oil Irom this retort, like oil <br />from 010<,1 retorh, i... a thick. liquid called nude sh.lle <br />oil and must bt. upgrad{'d before it can be piped to <br />refineries. <br />Union Oil felorl: Thi.. retorl. de\eloped and te<,led <br />at the compam 's Parachute Crel'k .\hne in Colorado, j<, <br />oflen referrcd to as an upsid{'-down g<1",-combustion <br />retort or rod. pump. Thp ga..e.. enter at the lOp oi tht' <br />retort and ilo\\ dO\\n\\Md \\hilt:' the fa\\ ..hale i<; mov('d <br />upward bv a rod., pump. A;;, in the Bureau 01 Mine" <br />retort, the heat i;;, ..upplied b\ the combu..tion oi the <br />carbon on the ~pent ..hale. The ...hale oil conden..('" on <br /> <br />I <br />I <br />~~ <br />~~:"& <br />t.. ~ ., <br />'" . , <br />."'<- <br />..........., <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />'. <br /> <br />The first commercial plant may well use the TOSCO /I <br />retort (above), Colony Development Operation. which in- <br />cludes Arfantic Richfield as the operator, TOSCa. Sohio <br />and Cleveland-Cliffs. plans to use this process for its <br />proposed private.la'1d plant. <br /> <br /> <br />f\ln:Tl\l WE,,1 f1f'..CH\Vll<" EDlTl{)... F..h',,~r, 1'1.~ 9 <br />