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<br />174
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<br />WATERSHED MANAGEMENT
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<br />ESTIMATING EROSION
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<br />APPEXDIX I.--REFERENCES
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<br />1. Austil)~ M. L, "land Resource Regions and Major land Resource Areas
<br />of -the United States," U.S. Department of Agriculture, SOl 1 Conser-
<br />vation Service, AQricultural Handboo~ 296, 1965, 82 pp.
<br />2. Dendy, F. Eo, and G: C. Bolton, "Sediment Yield-Runoff Drainage
<br />Area Relationships in the United States. II Journal of Soil and Water
<br />Conservation, Vol. 31, No.6, 1976, pp. 264-266.
<br />3. Diskin, M. H., and l..J. lane, "^ BasiFMide Stochastic Model for
<br />Ephemeral Stream Ruooff in Southeastern Arizona," International As-
<br />sociation of Hydrologic Sciences, Bulletin 17, No. I, 1972, pp._
<br />61-76.
<br />4. Flaxman, E. M, UPredicting Sediment Yield in Western United
<br />States," Journal of the Hydraul leS Division, American Society of
<br />Civil Engineers, Vol. 98, No. 12, 1972, PIl. 2073-2085.
<br />5. Gelderman, F. W., IISoil Survey of the Walnut Gulch Experimental Wa-
<br />tershed; Arizona," U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soi 1 Conser'la-
<br />tion Service, Portland, Ore., 1970,61 pp.
<br />6. Hershfield, D. M., "A Npte on the Variability of Annual Precipita-
<br />tion," Journal of Applied MeteoroloQY, Vol. VI, No. ,4, 1962, pp.
<br />575-578.
<br />7. Knise1, W. G., K. G. Renard, and l. J. lane, "HOw Long is Long
<br />Enough," Proceedinqs, American Society of Civil 'Engi neers Specialty
<br />Conference on Irrigation and Drainage, 1979, PIl. 238-254.
<br />8. Laursen, E. M., "The Total Sediment Load of Streams," Journal of
<br />the Hvdraulics Division, American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol.
<br />B4, No. HYI, 1958, pp. 1530.1-1530.36.
<br />g. Pacific Southwest 1 nter-Agency Conmittee, "Factors Affecti ng Sedi-
<br />ment Yield and Measures for the Reduction of Erosion and Sediment
<br />Yield,.' 1968, 13 pp.
<br />10. Renard, L G., "Past, Present, and Future Water Resources Research
<br />in Arid and Semiarid Areas of the Southwestern United States," Aus-
<br />tralian Institution of En9ineers 1977 Hydrology Symposium, 1977,
<br />pp. 1-29.
<br />11. Renard, K. G., and Laursen, E. M., "A. Dynamic Behavior Model of an
<br />Ephemeral St.ream. II Journal of the Kydraulics Division, American
<br />Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 101, No. HY5, 1975, PIl. 511-528.
<br />12. Renard K. G. 'Sediment Problems in the Arid and Semiarid South-
<br />~est,"'Proteedinqs, 27th Annual Meeting, Soil Conservation Society
<br />of America, Portland, Ore., 1972, pp. 225-232.
<br />
<br />FI6URE 2.--ANNUAL PRECIPITATION AND CUMULATIVE SURPLUS AND DEFICIT FOR
<br />TOMBSTONE, ARIZONA [FROM KNISEL ET AL. (7)J
<br />
<br />sediment yield changes with management changes. The other methods in-
<br />vesti9ated are simpler to use.
<br />The simplicity implies a hazard. however, because the physical pro-
<br />cesses associated with sediment yield are not simple.
<br />3. The methods tested generally overpredicted sediment yield. The
<br />overprediction may in part be associated with the representativeness of
<br />the climatic sample for the period of observation. All but three of the
<br />watersheds were known to be deficient in precipitation/runoff, and thus
<br />those results are undoubtedly below what might be considered to be the
<br />mean annual .sediment yield.
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<br />ACKNOWlEDGMENT
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<br />I thank J. R. Simanton and J. Stone for their help in collecting
<br />the data used.
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