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I" (. ') I \..0............... ". ENDANGERED SPECIES First I would like to talk about the endangered spe- cies. We've been operating for endangered species for two years. This is the threatened piping plover and the endangered least tern. I would like to show the impacts that operating for the least tern have on the other functions that we operate for. Starting at the top with hydropower generation, there is a competi- tion' since once releases are set at the beginning of the least tern nesting period in mid-May we can't in- crease power loads or peaking capability. It's restricted during this whole period, so there is competition there, but here again, Duane talked about our long range planning. We try to accommodate that competition by planning ahead and setting our power releases at an appropriate rate 80 we won't need to increase our re- leases during that nesting period. Going to flood control, it does impact flood control; but as we did in 1987, we fluctuate releases from Gav- ins Point to maintain release reductions in the Ne- braska City area. So we are able to operate for least terns and accommodate flood control release reduc- tions. It has an impact on navigation because it pro- duces too low of a stage in certain areas of the river by Sioux City. But like Duane said, we are on a learn- ing curve and we feel we've learned better ways of fluctuating so those negative impacts won't occur. I think the most obvious effects we had by this reg- ulation was in the Sioux City area. This is a picture that Chuck Cooley will be talking about later, but when we did fluctuate those releases, the first time we tried it, we made too rapid of a fluctuation in the staging. The Sioux City stage went down much more rapidly and lower than we had anticipated and it did cause damage to the docks at Cimmarina and to some of the hulls of the boats. So like I say, we are on a learning curve and we feel like we will be able to mit- igate that in the future. Chet Worm Chet Worm is Chief of the Reservoir Regulation Section, one of two sections in the Reservoir Control Center in the Missouri River Division office 01 the Corps of Engineers. Chet is a Registered Civil Professional Engineer. He holds a Bact1- elor of Science Degree in Civil Engineering from the University of Nebraska at Omaha. and a Masters of Science Degree with a major in Water Resource Engineering from the University of Nebraska at Lincoln. Chet has been with the Omaha District for eighteen years within the field of hydrologic and hydraulic design of reservoirs, levees, and associated drainage works. Chet has been with the Reservoir Regulation Section for six years and is CUrrent Chief of that section. Looking next at fish and wildlife, the regulations for endangered species is compatible with this require- ment and for the downstream fisheries. We don't see any significant impact on irrigation from regulating for endangered species at the current level of irrigation. The last function, water supply and water quality, here again at the current levels of water quality and water supply, there are no impacts at this point. Nor- mally there is enough water available during this time of year, mid-May to mid-August, that it doesn't neg- atively impact those. FISH AND WILDLIFE Going to the next function, I will be working my way down these eight functions and showing the ef- fects on the other seven. Here again, fish and wildlife impacts on other functions, primarily there is a con- flict with flood control because necessarily release re- ductions for flood control downstream of reservoirs at spawning periods could cause harm to the spawning in those reaches. It also may adversely impact opti- mum power generation by restricting power fluctua- tion during spawning periods on the rivers downstream from the reservoirs. So there is a com- petition with hydropower. Irrigation, here again no significant impact at the current level of irrigation depletions. Recreation-this would impact mainly in the res- ervoirs themselves. We do have requests for draw down on the reservoirs to help revegetation of the shoreline to enhance fisheries. The draw down of the reservoirs can effect the recreation at the sites. Here again there is no significant impact on navi. gation, water supply, or the endangered species func- tion. FLOOD CONTROL Looking at our next requirement, flood control, as Duane mentioned, the flooding experience in 1952 at Sioux City where we had water in downtown Sioux City, that has been taken care of by the main stem dams. This is Kansas City in the 1951 flood. The main stem system and other projects have has helped there. This is what got the authorization going on the Kansas River Projects, the tributary projects. As we men- tioned, there still is flooding in the basin. This was 33