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<br />0024!"S <br /> <br />COASTAL FLOOD PROBLEMS <br /> <br />14 <br /> <br />6-135, <br /> <br />"",:~ <br />,...--.45.' <br />~:ti:F..~: <br /> <br />wind-driven water caused by the coi.ncidence of storms and <br /> <br /> <br />'high tides. 25 Earthquakes', volcanic explos'i.ons, and <br /> <br />"seiches" due to wind action and changes in atmospheric <br /> <br />pressure also playa role in coastal flooding. In contrast, <br /> <br />precipitation causes riverine flooding, Coastal flooding <br /> <br />is usually of shorter duration than riverine flooding, <br /> <br />However, waves, winds, erosion and salt water intrusion are <br /> <br />often more significant problems requiring special treatment" <br /> <br />The need to protect beach areas which slow incoming waves <br /> <br />is also a special consideration in coastal flood hazard areas, <br /> <br />There is no coastal hazard area comparable to the <br /> <br />riverine "floodway" which must be maintained free of obstruc- <br /> <br />tions to convey flood flmvs, This is perhaps the most important <br /> <br />difference in <br /> <br />regulations for coastal and riverine <br /> <br />areas, But, hi.gh hazard coastal areas deserve special atten'. <br /> <br />tion, since the beach" and shoreline are buffeted by high <br /> <br />energy waves that destroy all but the strongest structures. <br /> <br />At some locations special regulations are needed to protect <br /> <br />dunes and other natural protective barriers which blunt the <br /> <br />force of wind and waves and minimize damage to property <br /> <br />behind them, <br /> <br />Many coastal co~~unities were constructed at the con- <br /> <br />fluence of a river and the sea, a location subject to both <br /> <br />riverine and coastal flood prOblems. Regulations pertaining <br /> <br />river or stream, as torrential rains accompanying hurricanes <br /> <br /> <br />to both sorts of problems are then needed. Inland drainage <br /> <br />problems arise at coastal locations even without a major <br />