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<br />.. <br /> <br />~ .... ,... '-: I" <br />OUib~j ~ <br /> <br />. The "1947 condition" is defined by an inflow-outflow equation <br />based on data from the 19l9~1946 period. <br /> <br />~r~;l{9 <br /> <br /> <br />The Roswell Underground Water Basin was declared by the <br /> <br />State Engineer on August 31, 1931, in response to overdevelopment <br /> <br />of the artesian basin, The basin encompasses two major aquifers, <br />the deeper of these is called the artesian aquifer and the upper <br /> <br />body of water is described as the shallow water aquifer, <br /> <br />These <br /> <br />two aquifers are separated in most areas by a relatively <br /> <br />impervious red shale and gypsum known as the Pecos Red Beds, <br /> <br />These red beds constitute the confining layer beneath which the <br />artesian aquifer is found, Above the red beds and spreading over <br />the basin is the valley fill, consisting of topsoil, sand, <br /> <br />gravel, shale, clay and boulders which have been washing in and <br /> <br />deposited over recent geologic time, <br /> <br />The shallow water aquifer <br /> <br />is contained in the valley fill and varies in thickness from a <br /> <br />thin edge to over 200 feet in portions of the basin. The Pecos <br />River extends through this groundwater complex, running generally <br /> <br />from north to south, <br /> <br />The river cuts through the shallow water <br /> <br />aquifer and in some areas penetrates the red beds and exposes the <br /> <br />artesian aquifer. <br /> <br />The principal point of discharge of the <br /> <br />artesian aquifer is by means of springs, <br /> <br />The artesian aquifer is recharged largely by precipitation <br />upon the outcrop area (San Andres Formation) west of the Pecos <br />River, The shallow water aquifer is recharged by precipitation, <br />by upward leakage from the artesian aquifer and return flow from <br /> <br />19 <br />