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<br />, ", <br /> <br />- ,', !--,,- <br /> <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br /> <br />t'J ~ c: ....".' <br />i;1'j . J -.;-i <br />v....- __ . <br /> <br />One pOint does need emphasizing at this time; although productivity <br />and yiel ds are rel ated, they are not identical. In a strict mathematical, <br />definitional sense, productivity equals total outputs divided by total <br />inputs, whereas yield equal s total outputs divided by only one input, the <br />land. The consequence of this is that productivity gains cannot be equated <br />on a one-to-one basis with yield increases. The commodity production pro- <br />jections from the Aggregate Farm Output and the Commodity Production and <br />Utilization components are based on supply shifters computed from produc- <br />tivity indices projections. Yields used in the NIRAP model only determine <br />land use and allocation in the Land Use component. However, there is con- <br />sistency both within the NIRAP model. with productivity indices and yield <br />projections and between the NIRAP model yields and the yields used in the <br />State A-I linear programming models. <br /> <br />D. CONSTANT PRICE DEMAND <br /> <br />Changes in demand for food and fiber can be divided into two catego- <br />ries: (1) those demands affected by changes in income and tastes and <br />changes in the structure of the food system, and (2) those demands affected <br />by changes in relative prices of commodities. The Constant Price Demand <br />component projects the demand for commodities independent of commodity <br />prices, in other words, those demands represented by the fi rst category <br /> <br />II-16 <br />