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D'JIHn Purpose and Need management practices of llvestock operators in the five WSAs would be more closely regul ated, they woul d continue as they did prior to wilderness designation subject to reasonable controls. The lmpact of wilderness designation on l1vestock operations as a result of curtallment of planned range developments is not considered an issue since no range developments exist nor are any planned. 2. Effects on Air Qualfty Classification - Concerns were raised regarding the i nteractf on between wll derness designation and air quality classification. The wilderness management policy states that BLM will manage all wllderness areas to comply wfth the existing air quality classification for that specffic area. 50 wilderness deslgnatlon or non- designation would not cause the air qualfty classlflcation to change. Therefore. this Issue was dropped from further analysis ln the EIS. 3. Effects on CuI tural Resources Generally, wllderness designation ls not adverse to cuI tural resources because they w1l1 generally beneff t from an area being deslgnated as wllderness. Except for val1d exlsting rights, such designation legally precl udes development, land disturbances, motorized use, and other damaglng or lntrusive human effects. Most wil derness users tend to be sens Iti ve to thei r envi ronment and thus are far less lfkely to "pothunt" than others. Wl1 derness areas totally ellmi nate access by road and thus ellminate the use of vehicles or heavy equipment for vandalism purposes. A 1979 study (N1ckens, et al.. 1979) has conflrmed that cultural sites more than one half a mlle from a road are much less vandal ized than those sites near a roadway. Inventory procedure fs well-establfshed and ls done whenever surface dlsturbance occurs in a non-inventoried area. Mitigation for site loss or damage is normally done when a site qual1fies for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places. This is required by law. Mltfgation can range from site excavation and analysis to site avoidance through project redeslgn. If an area is not designated wl1 derness. It may be opened to development such as 011 and gas, roads, tlmber sales. and other surface dlsturbing actlvities. Such dlsturbance may cause destruction to slgnlficant cultural resources and can open up regions without previous access. Increased access can provide vandals and "pothunters" easy ablli ty to loot and the damage to cultural resources can increase greatly. It should be noted, however. that most all development on the publfc lands requlres inventory and mitlgation for cultural resources, thus provlding legal protection which occurs whether an area is deslgnated as wilderness or not. At the time a wl1derness management plan ls developed, procedures for the identlflcatfon and protection of cultural resources wlll be considered as part of that process. This w1l1 inlcude lnventory, when appropriate, mlttgatfon as needed and consultation with the State Historic Preservation Offtcer as requlred uner 36 CFR 800.4. At present, no hlstorlc properties, as defined in 36 CFR Part 60 (National Regfster of Historic Places), are known to exl st within the wl1 derness study areas lncluded in this document. In those cases where significant cultural val ues are known to exist, or that are suspected to be present. the legislation that is developed must address access. and sci entlftc or educational uses. that may be requlred. 7