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<br />~Tht: Act ot' IlIly ). 1884, 23 SI at I q.
<br />a!lr Ill\rilCU prival (' 1..:('\11\( flll:l iOlll11 :1 pO\\ l~r
<br />dc\ clopmelll on the MI...~i~'lIPlli Ri\\:r al
<br />Sl. ClouJ, MlllllL'''llla.
<br />
<br />'\-'.:rn1l\t":-."agc. ~1ar(h ~> ]l)llJ.
<br />
<br />'The Inland WatC'rway~ ('Onll1lh"j. 111
<br />\'ompICIcd a study fl.l\'oring Fl'dcr,1I Cnlllrl1!
<br />over power dc\doprlll:m in I':IOK.
<br />
<br />.
<br />
<br />.
<br />
<br />put. The Home"ead .'\ct, R.S. 2290, 43l1.S.l. 162, limileu the gram of
<br />homestead, tLlth",c who actually intcnded to sell Ie on and cultivate the
<br />land. and npli,:ill,. e\c1uded those who were acting as agents for cor-
<br />poratio"s. 111 ordcr II' eusmc thai Ihe users of the land were aClUally
<br />individllab or fallllii"" the law '1"" hmited the land that could be ob-
<br />tained hy :11\\ inch, idual 11r h"ad of household to one hundred sixty
<br />acr,'S I'er dailll aud three' hundred tW"l1ty acres in the aggregate. Act of
<br />May 20, IX62, 12St,u.3~.l,43USC.212.
<br />Th~ d~\clopJlll'nl llf the plH\"l.'r pOlclHialllt' Ihe 1li.1lionls ri\'er~ h\?gan
<br />allraL'lin~! ilh:rea..,illg. attention lo\\ard the end or the nineteenth \:erl-
<br />lury. Pfi\':ilL' rH1\h'l" l'I)lllpanies !I)hhied Congress intcnsively for pcrmi...-
<br />:-,ion tu build Pd\\L" plalll>; 1..111 puhlil' lanJ... <lilt! na\'igabk \\a(t.'rwa~"',.
<br />Congh::-.:-. i.llIlhul i/L'd Ill\: fir...1 l\llll-Fl'J~r al hyJn.h:kl..tri\.: Po\\'(.'r JC\'t'!op-
<br />mel1ll11 IxK4." (h~r Ihe cour...c or Iht..' 111...'\1 I\\'CI1IY ~'L'ar:'l, an addilional
<br />kll pri\i.Ill' projLl.'I'" \"d'l"L' aUlhnrilcd hy Ci..lllgre:-'~. Ho\\c\cr, 111 IlJO~,
<br />PrL':-.idL'111 ThL'l l( h H'L' R (l1..1"'L' \'1..' Ii rC;h.'lerll'd I he gln L'rnll1t.'fll':-; ri~hl (0 C(IIl-
<br />lr(l!ll1t: Ul.'\Cll)Pllklll d( w;lkf-rL'laIL'd 1'1......{)l1rL.l'~ by n.'llling a hill \\hi...:h
<br />Wllldd ha\'L' pL'nllllll'd I Ill' L'OIl..,trUl'(llHl ll( a dam and pO\\'l'r station 011
<br />I he Telln('~''''t'l' R. i\ cl al r"\1u......:1L' SlH'ab, Alabama by N. F. TholllpSUIl and
<br />A..,sl.h.:ialL'.... a pri\ all' l'orpllr..Hioll.' Rnu:-'l~\ ell \pnkc ...lrllrl~Iy again,'l' ;1
<br />priVitll.' \\'all2-r Pll\\ l'l' ~k'. l'lllrllll'IlI, and ...:alkd flH i.lloll1prl.'hen~i\"l~ "iluLly
<br />011 11ll' is:,ll!.... I~lllhl'\d!.... l"ol'l'chd ar!!Ul1ll'lll~ dla( pllbli( \\,J{cr rc-
<br />SLlurLl',", ...h~lllld Ill: dL'\'('[nped fnl Ih(' puhlic hL'I1L'fit finally w~rc SUCl'es-;~
<br />flll in 190h. whL'1l Cl1IlgrL':---; pa:-.,>l.'u kgisl:llioll ~ral1{illg a prL'ference (or
<br />mUllkipal pllrpo',\.'", in I Ill' lh\.' I)l' ~Ilrplll'.; hydrDdcclri~: rower g.~I1l'rall.'d
<br />by h'd1'Ld II rit!<Itjllll prlqel'l.... TI)\\ II Sit~s alld Pl)WCr DL'\c!opmcnl "\"''-1,
<br />14 SI"'. 1111-117. IlIlh" ~~alS that foll<1\\ed. Presiuents RDl"e\ell alld
<br />Tart \Clocd hill'> l\III1.:11 would h;l\l' pcrllli{/cd pri\";:uc..? ptH\er pro.icLI'i on
<br />[hl' Raill(:~. J~lllIL'''''. \Vhlll' and ( 11\)-., Ri\'l'L
<br />The haltk b\,'I\'L'Clllho~(' Whll (;I\llrcd pri\'.llc dC\'e1l1PIT1('[\Il1( ptH\er
<br />and ,hllSl' \...'ill) ad\lh.:alL'd pllhlH: PTlljL'l'h .....l1ntinucd throllgh Ihe t:arl~
<br />part or the tw"tttictlt c.(.lItur~. rhc Ra~,:r A,( of 1913. 38 SI.\1. 24:?, 245.
<br />,..hic!l pnHidL'd tht.' LilY and l..'l1Ullt~ or San Francis....ll and olher municl-
<br />palilic\ and \\atl.'r di,dlil'l.... willi a righl Or\\ay o\er puhlic land... for lht'
<br />COlhtflh:ti01l nr ,UllIl'duL'h, tllllllcl.... and canals I' Of a \\uterway, provided
<br />That gl'anlet.~~ or the I ighl III dc\'dup \\ater and eleClI'ic po\n~r ....ould nOI
<br />~ell or h..'3se Ihll:-'l' ngllh 10 all~ Cilrrllratinn Of individual olher than
<br />another mUllil.'ipalily. III 1I 11 il.'i pal wala di,>lril'l or irrig:~t{ion di...tri..:r. rhl'
<br />Act at.....o CllIl1aiIlL'c! all ah:-'1l1111l2- pruhibilinn Oil Ih!.:' trall~rer llf Iht? righb
<br />Ll1 :lIlY pI i\'atl.' pl'hon, cOrplni.Hillll or ~1:-''''IKia(i\1n. and prc)\';(kd for ,he
<br />reverter of Ihe righh 10 Ih~ LJnilL.'d Sli.lll'''' inlhe cven! of sw:h a Ir~n:-.kr.
<br />However, OpplHlL.'Ill'" uf pllhli~ rr~f~re(l(l' power, and mosl llo101hly,
<br />in\'C~lor-ll\\l1cd ulililil.'~ ill thl.' area. manag.ed to prC\Cnl i.1 significant
<br />amotlnl of rhe po\\cr gC'llcral1..'d b~'lht' Haler projel.'IS from ht:ing. ";llld Il1
<br />preference ('Illllie:-.. PlIblk oUlay. Cl11lgfcssional invc~ligation.., and
<br />e"'L.'n a courl illjlWL'lioll were IlllSUl.'l'L.S.....rul in freeing the rower lor
<br />pr~ferl:IKe t.:lIslnmcrs for ncarly fifty Yl.'i1r~.
<br />In laler lepiskuiott, longres.' adopted a more flexible approach 10 the
<br />issue of the disposition of Federall\' generated power. It rcla.\cd the re-
<br />quiremcnl Ihal preference power must he used only for specified pur-
<br />poses, which was found in the 10\\ n Sites Act and the Ra~er Act. and
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