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<br />~"'rkdll~'liIJlIlY ~1~lIi~li("." PI/I.fit'
<br />l'lnfer, 16, J~jll-h:h lo)"ll.
<br />
<br />.
<br />
<br />.
<br />
<br />n.
<br />Puhlicl). and Cuupcrlllivell OWI\I'd Power Systems Generally
<br />are Srnallllnd Shuuld he Assisted in Reducin~ Their Reliance on
<br />Inveslur-()wnrlt I'uwcr ('urnl1l1l1il',
<br />
<br />The !OdSI ob\'i{HIS ("haLt("ll'risliL' (If 'oeat public eleclri("iLy syslems is
<br />their slll:011 ,il<:. In 1976, the 2224 puhli,". ,)Wned s),lcn" ,hareu only
<br />9.40.'/1 (II alll'lt.'d I il:.d pO\\'('f g('nl~r;Hinn. \\'hcn.~tl" I ill' :!5ti illn~sr(lr-owncd
<br />1IIililil~'" "iharl:d 77.611:11 pI' ~cneralillll. ("jcTlcoralilHl hy local public systell1~
<br />an:ra!-!.t'd tC.fi lIiillidll kill.H'ltll hnul"'l pel ~y~lcllI in 11.)76, as ~ol1lpared
<br />\'.ith h,17lJ."7 Illillillll kihw,allltPlIl.s pCI' 'lyslcill flH (he aVl'rag.c in\.I~l.itor.
<br />l.H\ J}cd t'lll1lJ1ilIlY :- '1 I1L' Illa~~i\'l' 11..'~llllr('L'~ of in\ e...lor .owllcd ('ompallie'i
<br />mah,: il j11,',',ihk Ih~l[ illdi\ idllal puhhL. power agencies I.:an he 1)\'CI"~
<br />wlll.:IIIII'd 11) iJ1n::....h11-tIWI1(,:d ulililics. The l~XI.'lIl.?nCl" of lhe preference
<br />dall\~. \\'illl ih prnmisL' \11' rdali\dy IO\\-\".'I)!-.! h.:dcral po''''('r, pf()\"id('~ a
<br />nlllllht.:r or pllhli\.' agt?lh.:i('~ ~illl1c ,L'-sisliUh.:L' in their I?ffoTls 10 mailllain
<br />viahililY.
<br />Till' Iii:-.lnr) of l'lmrIit:1 h\""twt'l.'IlIlHlniL"ipal!y uwned syslem:, and rllfal
<br />Ch:Clrll: l:llOp.... (111 IlIe one hand and Iheir il1\'l'SIOr-O\\ ned suppliers on
<br />Ihe nll1l::r ha<.; in IIlJIl> ilhli.I.Ilt:~~ IlL'CIl hill\:I ~tIld \'iL'H.Hls. ~lU1:h of Ihe
<br />illlillhhil.\ 11,1~ di,";IPJ1L'arcJ in fceCll1 ,'car;>. as allllliliti~s ha\'(' had III face
<br />Ill:l,ll~ lIew l:l\lllJIIPII I'HI)hklll". UIII Ihe FFRC Olh::kd LOIlIinue~ Itl be
<br />lL)iukd ,..jIb \\h()h?:-ii.t1e rail' C;I"t: dispUII?S, rlh~rc are slill refusals 10
<br />"Wlh:d" PO\l,.LT hy pli\<.tIC (tHnpani('s O\L.'r "!heir" Iransll1i:'l"ilon facili-
<br />1iL'~, .lIId 111I:l"e arl.: Ill)\\' and will be many 1ll(IH~ threals from privati..'
<br />pO\H'r \""ompallY o..:upplil'l"s Ihallhcy ,,,'jUlloI he: ahle IOIllL'Cllhe nee-cis of
<br />Ihcir ,,,'hnh:,,.lk 1...\I...tnnll:r". {\lWH")\l~'Y lh~~l: h~n~ilHb ha\'e inl.:rca:'.~d
<br />;-,horply a~ pl.IWl'r r;lh:;, han:" ~ky.rl1~kelcu. Sinn' Ilew gl'neraling facili-
<br />lies reslIll ill higher l.'I)-';! CkClrh..'ilY, pri\'i.tlc 1Ilililie;-, will he increasingly
<br />IduClillIllll IlW(.t IhL' glowlh l)f demand of their wholesale cUSlnmers if
<br />10 do ~tl will 4u.I\'t.'r"'l'ly ilt fL'l'1 ,heir nwn 1"('lail (lIstoml'r~.
<br />In Ih~s{' circumslilllcl'::', il j., l.'~,\~:nliallo prcsenc (he ,lhilllY l)f munici-
<br />pal alld nUll.pll)!i, IlIililil..'S 10 1111\'(' :--nllll.' k\'t'fagc in Illt..'ir dealings ,..ith
<br />Iheir !\uppilef">. To Ihl' L'\iL'llllhat pllhll( oodies ~llId rural ckctric t:'l10pS
<br />arc ;lhk In pllrcll;l~'.' "I-:dl'ral P,)\\"l'r, Iht'ir dl'pcndcllll' Oil llll'ir ~uppliers
<br />i:-.lc.'lsl'J1c.:d.
<br />Clo~dy rdalcd In thL' j;-,."lh..' of 11iL' prl'i"t'I"L'lh.'L' 1...lallsl.' i;-, the i~slle of feu-
<br />eral allthoril~' III bllild II:tlhllli.'l'lillll Ii ill'S. III IXI...I )"\".'ars, h)cal puhliL
<br />agenciL'''' fOUlld il illlplh"lbk 10 ohtain Ih(' hCIll'fih of rcdcral [1(I\\'e'l" he-
<br />t:all"l~ Ihey Wl..'rl.' IIJl~lhlc. cilhcr hL'~au~e of financial limiti.lllon.s or t1l.'-
<br />caLise of limil<.tlil_llh ill Ihr.:ir ~h~lIll'r~, 10 huild transmission lines lD Ihl~
<br />power .;,ill'~. Pri\'i.tll..' lllililil..''i l.'.\L.'r\.'i~l.'d Iheir IlHHlOpll!y powers and c-ilhcr
<br />rerused lo Iran~mil p,h"'L'r II.) Iht:";I~ ;,1!.!l.'IIt:il.''lllr did so at c.\nrhilalll C(hlS
<br />which e....sC'n1iaIJy denied (ilL' inlclHkd eCt.lllomi( hencfif~ of Ihe Il1W-Cl)sl
<br />pov.'cr IO prcfl'rt'IlCc (lI:-lomCr'l. Al rhe sallle lime, they built transmis-
<br />sion lines 10 rcderal projcclS and th,'n purchased e1ectricily for their
<br />own use al Jump po\\cr rale~, ihel'd,y eliminating or reducing Ihe
<br />ability of ,h~ ':cdcra\ gO\"l.'rnmcm h) n::(:('lvc an adequate return on 'IS
<br />investmenl. The refusal of private ulilities 10 deal responsibly "ilh
<br />preferencc cHstOlller., IIllimald~ COlli inccd Congress 10 aUlhorile I hc
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