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<br />I <br />. <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br /> <br />'.1:' <br /> <br />:.:';' <br /> <br />" <br /> <br />3559 <br /> <br />ObservatIon Wells <br /> <br />Q <br /> <br />A network of 82 observation wells provides water level or pressure data for both the <br />confined and unconfined aquifers~ This data will be used to operate the project <br />within the limits prescribed by the authorizing legislation. <br /> <br />Fifty-two of the observation wells are "dual-completion" wells, that is, one 4-inch <br />diameter well in the confined or artesian aquifer and another in the unconfined <br />aquifer. Both of these 4-inch wells are housed in a cormnon well head enclosure of <br />corrugated metal pipe set into the ground. Thi&~nclosure has adequate space to <br />house the solar-powered monitoring and communic~tions equipment that will be <br />installed. <br /> <br />Of the remaining observation wells, 15 monitor only the confined aquifer, and 15 <br />monitor the unconfined. Construction of the monitoring system at these sites will <br />include the installation of enclosures for the protection of the monitoring and <br />communications equipment. <br /> <br />Pipeline Laterals <br /> <br />Upon completion the project will include approximately 115 miles of pipeline <br />laterals. These laterals will transport,water from the salvage wells to' the <br />,~ conveyance channel in Stages ,1 through 4. ,;Stage 5 will be a total pipe system, <br />1------1Derging-With the_conveyance-channel...-at-the-rrthwest-boundary-Of- stage-4.----- __u.. <br /> <br />,0, All of the laterals will be low pressure systems; in fact, many are gravity-flow <br />" lines. Pipe diameters range from 4 to 27 inches and,-a minimum cover over the pipe <br />of 4.5 feet provides protection from freezing. Contract specifications permit the <br />use of virtually any type of pipe, but to date all but about 10,000 feet has been <br />PYC. This 2-mile reach was constructed with asbestos-cement pipe. <br /> <br />I <br /> <br /> <br /> <br />I - .The-soec.it ic,tt_i.ons.=al.llQ~rllli-t:-Q{Jt.j<"lt>;l~tp'" ....r~-' ~nr'l-h~,.lr~;.:j-l~""'t"ods=='l'he <br />, -==thinner-'WaHed=pipe':"has'::grea'1;:er=-f:.l.exlbllTty=t~-equH'eB-'mcjre=Iaterai-support--from -== <br />.' the pipe backfill. To insure proper su1\port for the pipe, 'compaction of a select <br />backfill material by the means of saturation and internal vibration is specified. <br />, --- Al terna t i ves-to-performing-the-! abor- intensi'Ve-saturation<md'-tnternal--vibration <br />- ,-~ include placing soil cement as backfill or using a thicker-walled pipe that is more <br />I rigid. Thicker-walled pipe is an economical alternative in diameters up to about 12 <br />inches. In sizes larger than that, most contractors have selected the thin-walled <br />" , ripe i\.Rd Ui:9d SQil Gement as baelefill. <br /> <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br /> <br />A major factor in all of the pipe lateral contracts has been the means of dealing <br />with the high ground water that makes the salvage project possible. In order to <br />achieve safe, stable slopes in the pipe trenches, the ground water has to be drawn <br />down below the invert of the trench prior to excavating. Both PVC drain tile <br />installed in a fabric envelope and shallow wells have been used successfully for <br />dewatering, but the drain tile has been more reliable. <br /> <br />In addition to installing the pipelines, the lateral contracts have included the <br />construction of the well head vaults, installation of the mechanical and electrical <br />equipment, and the access roads adjacent ,to the pipelines. <br /> <br />Conveyance Channel <br /> <br />The project conveyance channel provides the means of collecting the salvaged ground <br />water from the pipelIne laterals and delivering it to the Rio Grande. The channel <br />