|
<br />'].1' .,~-
<br />t, L .) 1
<br />
<br />pr<lJ....:1 III !;anal ftlf 'i.'applu:atiull III lho!>e 13mb..
<br />GCIIL'lal1y su.;h return W;lle,.;, upon rea.:hll1!! th.....uCJn1.
<br />and it aprr(lprl<l.t~'d ~md PUI ItI uS<'. Imghl prcdudc
<br />future IIllcr':Cpllllll un th" proJe';l upslIl"am. al.hough
<br />tlus IS a dllTi.:ull subl"'.;! Jnd nili.' f1Cqlh~1l11y rl'lpllrlllj:.
<br />'llUrllllll'lp'L'IJlionlollglwll.:aS<.'s,
<br />,\ generally rC.'lIglli/l'J ruk" Ihat Jll upsllC'JlIlJullh'r
<br />ri~ll IS 1101 rcqun..-J 10 d.I\l..' hb Jl\CI~llln gJlc~ In pa"
<br />wal...r hi J dllwllSln,'JIll <.coin! fight wh...n th... S\I,';1I11
<br />.:undiTlOlh alC sud! th;1I1ho.'rc IS no rea,",ol1Jhk hkdihooJ
<br />!tut u<,;Jole quail/ill"" of waler would rca.:h the ~ni(lr
<br />di\'crSI<lll. The PfIIll'lpk that Ih"'I(' may b,- 110 Wa'itt,' of
<br />walerlS unqlil,'slloncd.
<br />\\';lll'f rn;J~ h... _lored, cnh..., III dunnd '" ou-dlJlIlld
<br />reservoirs. for futllre hl'lll'lI~lal u\\: undl'r 1I'~el\'Olr
<br />de~rl'es III order of pf1lJrll~ 'orll1al1~ a JUlllllr
<br />diled-Ilo.... ri~hl IS preduded fWIlI la"lII~ water ah!.'aJ ut
<br />a St'nior slora~e nglll. Iltlwe\el. t!1 \"ebrJs".1 Junior
<br />Jiver~hlll~ for slIHJge ":Jlln,11 IJ\.;I.' pb.:!.' when SUdl water
<br />IS Ill'ed...d lIy dir<,d-tlow .IppropflJhllS m f,n rl'~n'\lirs
<br />ha\'ing Sl.'nim :<.Ioraj:e rights. Genl'rally Ihe lights of a
<br />rescrnJir oWller ale ]UllIled III .Ill annu:ll quantll:. of
<br />waler e4ua] 10 on,' lining. unless there IS "he" ....alel., in
<br />Ihe slream nol dellland...d hy oll1<'r .Ipprupriah'rs. In
<br />m.l\t appr'lpnati.m Stal,'s Ihe (',.:hall!!'" 01 slOreJ water
<br />for dlr.....:t-Ill'w waler I~ p""lllllleu II olher lIStl-fS;He nlll
<br />aJwrsc]y affc......J. By sl;1IUle, r",,"lnllr "wners all'
<br />!!encrall~ 11;.1hle f", 10M. .'r darna)!'" .:auSI'd by faihue ot
<br />lhe dalll or reS<'rVUlr
<br />I-kserVllJr rdeaM's. and als,1 lransbasin ll11p..IrIS in
<br />Cnlorado and WYOllllng. llltenJet.l fur dowllstrealll liS<'
<br />ar,' adminislered hy lht' Slat,. fur ddl\','r) alld use "1111)
<br />by Ihe JppropriJ\llr, wllh appfllprial<' dedu.:liom, in
<br />quanlLly for ~treJm losses. WJ.sle water. scl.'pa~I.', JIllI
<br />releases from tlouJ om II III 01 hydw....lcdri.: sll'rage
<br />rescT\.'.lirs. dbchal!!ed wllh nu 1Il1.:nl In r....:apture. ilia}
<br />be appropflated, but where lhe appropTlalllr .:.H1l1ul
<br />insist on .:nnlinuance of sUch now from lhe re....'n'oir. A
<br />water user in one Stale CJrHlot CunlrJ\ene Jny righl 10
<br />Ihe llse of waler all'lll,.J by lI11erSlale l'l)rnpa~1 Ul ~(lUIl
<br />denee lOannlht'l Slate.
<br />
<br />Ground Water Rules
<br />
<br />Wllh ft'Spl'([ hl ~h'lllalin!l ghlllllJ water. lhert' are
<br />duel' common Iav. rules whi..h afe Jpph,'d \Jl1ou~ly
<br />Ihroll~oul lhe \lrs.s.1UTl RI\'cr I:bSIrl, Firq thelt' IS IIIl'
<br />';o..,:Jlkd "I'n~hsh TIlle" ....hlch gl\es lhe U\'erlYUlg land.
<br />~IWfil'r Ihe ahsolulc uwnershlp tll waler r~'f(l)latH1g
<br />beneath lhl' surfa..e of Ius lands. S.....ond lher,' IS the
<br />~"'l.'JlkJ .."meri,::m ruk.' Whldl ghes lhl' oh'd~ Ill,!:
<br />lant.lllwner lh.. ri~1 In J r~'a~<lnJok uS<.' of su..h v.Jter
<br />Rej~<1nan]<, llse n'lrl11Jlly IS laken 10 meall Ihal the
<br />gfllund ....ater ..a1\lH11 oe trJnspOll<:d Jnd solJ .II a
<br />substanuJI JlStalll"<..' tnom lhe pla~'e ....here it was
<br />
<br />oblalrled. Thud lhere is Ihe stH:alled "California lUll'''
<br />wlm:h gives Ihe owrlying landowner J .:orrelallH' rignl
<br />III the LIS<: of lhe grounJ wJlel undcrlYl11g his land.
<br />wludl in llllH.'S tlf shoJlag... requires him I\! shart' wilh hiS
<br />n~'l!!hh()rs whoS\.' lands overlie lhis v.all'r resour..e. Tno,
<br />111 some \lhMlurt Basin slates. pcrculalmg ~rl)ulld walers
<br />arl' sUhJCd 1,1 Jprr"priJllnn. the ;..all1\: as surfa..e waler~.
<br />Cround walel whil:h IUns III a dennit.: suhsurface
<br />..:hannd usually IS SUhjl'\'! 10 the san1\: rules of ..apture
<br />and uS<.' as rh'lse appllcJok to sUltJ'': wall'r.
<br />
<br />Water Administration
<br />
<br />In rht' IUStal....s there isa bJsk pall...rn Ihat issimjlar.
<br />but S[ll1 showlf1!! qui Ie J \'Jriatlon in the pohde~ :md
<br />aurTllms[ratllln .11' water and rdaled lanJ re....)\JTces. The
<br />appendi'\ 011 lhls ~clli.'ral ~ubJed proVIdes ,:ol1>lderable
<br />msi!!.hl ror lhe JdllUnislratiw SlrllClurc ill each Stale.
<br />IIcn' II h p'l~sI111e only hi JrJw allenlinn llllhe pattern
<br />of Slall' ;Ig,'lh.:ies with dutks and ptl\\I'IS in th,' lIelds lIf
<br />\\alr.'r slmlics, wal,'r and relaled laud rl'!;lIun:e plallning,
<br />walt'r dn'<,h'prn<'111 and ':lllltrLlI. and \\all'r adminislrJ-
<br />ti..'n; also to nole and ".II11pare lh... rallgl' ,If IO~'al
<br />dislrirts anu olher llfgalll/allom Ihal funclinn in
<br />de\'eloplIlg Jnd l11Jllaging WJler :lIlJ ,daled lanJ resmlr..e
<br />prujeds<lr uS<'s.
<br />
<br />Ifull'r Utl../ Hdatf'J Land Rn{l/lr("t'~ - Slale departments
<br />anJ Jgell~'i..s ~'olkcrned wilh lh,. adllllllislration nf WJler
<br />and relall'd land resullll.l' slatuh's and prllgrallls are as
<br />sumlllari",d 111 l;lhle .l7. Till' rJng~' of dUli...s assigll,.J
<br />varit's rllnsiderahly hUl uSU;illy thl' Jgl'nry designatllm
<br />denoles liS prullalY fun.:liolls Jnd Jdrnjnislralive
<br />rl.spllnslnllltl"~.
<br />Ilislllri~ally waler r<,Sllll,re den-h'pmenl has heen
<br />ar"tll1lphsheJ by IllJivlJuals, mulual ,:olllpJni,'s. dlies
<br />and !OWIlS. t)r lhrough ]o..a] distrl~.ts ~'rcal('d ill
<br />a.:corda.nce wuh t'llJhling It'glslat iun. Spedal-purp'l~
<br />dlSlfldS as Iisled Hllahle .17 hav.... her.'n JUllwriLI'll by Ihe
<br />Slales. oflr.'n wllh limill'd 0I1J.....:I1V.:... hul wilh a rl'~enl
<br />lrend towards Ih.... hlllad,'mng 01 aUlhorily a....ompJnY..
<br />ing greal,.r l.mphJSIS "II muhipurpo~,' d,'velopmenls and
<br />~f\'H:I'S afle..tmg Iarg,'r areas. \1I1{' of the States hJW
<br />all th,'riled ~1'nseT\.'an~y.ty pe dislrlcts with hlllad
<br />aUllltlrtlles gem'rally etk'Ofl1pJ~slllg large waler.sen'icc
<br />areas. S,IUlh I>akola has elladeJ I....ghlalllln eSlahlishing a
<br />statewide conse!\anq dlstrll:l. wlIh aUlhorily flIT h,,'al
<br />people t,1 creJll' suhJislll"ts Ihrough In.:al pelili..m.
<br />pul"oli..: healing. wling. and puhh..: "~'r1illcJtilln. During
<br />IlJh'l \,'brasb Jdl1Pl,'d leglslathlll f.11 rnultipk' purpOSl'
<br />"nalural rcsourr.: Jislllds" lhllluglwUl lhe Slale.
<br />r....plJ..:mg se\'eral Iypes ot e,jslll1g dblri.:ls Jlld 10 have
<br />brujJ Juthunl~ and large area jUrjsdl~'lI11n f,lr walt'r
<br />h'SOUrcl' devdoprn...nt and lTlanagr.'lllenl.
<br />One hasin Stale, \hlnlana. ha~ aUlhllllleu II'> Walt'r
<br />ReStlUr..o H,lald h' en!!a!!t' In Ihe ':lll\sl,u.:lion of waler
<br />
<br />81
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