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<br />- <br /> <br />- <br /> <br />- <br /> <br />- <br /> <br />..._- <br /> <br />- <br /> <br />- <br /> <br />_._. <br /> <br />.. <br /> <br />....'.. <br /> <br />, '''' <br />',-',...:_......::...,...;--,- .,.- < . ,.~", <br /> <br />"'._c,_ <br /> <br />,"-":: ~..-"" .."- <br /> <br />..:~;,:;...HjJ!Litj~~~~ <br /> <br />6:zn <br /> <br />Division: Alr Pollution Control Dlv1S1oD. <br />James H. Lents, Director <br /> <br />C. SULFUR DIOXIDE (S02) EXPDSURE <br /> <br />Sulfur dioxide is a common atmospheric pollutant arisIng mainly froll combustion processes. Solid and liquid fossil fuels generally contain <br />appreciable amounts of sulfur, usually in the form of inorganic sulfides and/or sulfur containing organic compounds. Combustion of the fuel in <br />power plants forms primarily sulfur dioxide along with a smaller amount of sulfur trioxide. <br /> <br />At concentrations above 3 ppm. S02 gas has a pungent, irritating odor. Visibility in the atmosphere Is reduced by the scatter and absorptioD <br />of visible radiatIon by small sulfate particles in the size range fra 0.1 to 1.0 aicron in radius. <br /> <br />The effects of S02 on health are related to irritation of the respirattory -system. Such injury aay be temporary or permanent. At low <br />concentrations respiratory effects and illness rates may rise ,for suscepible populations. At higher, short burst concentrations, increased <br />mortality may occur. Other effects include corrosion of steel panels 'and vegetation damage. Sulfur dioxide is converted in the atmosphere to <br />sulfuric acid aerosols and particulate sulfate com~ounds which are potentially carcinogenIc. They are part of the problea known as "acid <br />precipitation". Table 1I-3 presents health effects for sulfur dioxide. <br /> <br />TABU JI-2 <br /> <br />ESTIMATED IlEALTII EFFECTS LEVELS FDR SULFUR DIDXIDE EXPOSURE <br /> <br />EFfECTS <br /> <br />EXPOSURE DURATION <br /> <br />Pulse and respiratory rate increase, <br />tidal volume rate decrease, airway <br />conductance decrease, decreased peak <br />flow above 1.6 PPM and bronchoconstriction <br />above 5.0 PPM. <br /> <br />1.0-10.0 PPM 10 minutes <br /> <br />Mucoci1airy activity decreased at <br />15 PPM, and increased airway resistance. <br /> <br />10.0-60.0 PPM 10-60 Minutes <br /> <br />", <br /> <br />~21- <br /> <br /> <br /> <br />w",'j ,'",', <br /> <br />"-n"',,;.' <br />