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<br />., <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />llh Arkansas Riv~r Drainage Basin <br /> <br />The Arkansas River drainaGe basin includes the portion ~f the <br />Texas Panhandl.e drainod by the North and South Canadian Rivers and their <br />tribu~aries (soe Fig. 1). <br /> <br />Irrigation farming constitl~tes only a small proportion of the <br />total. farming activities in. the Toxas portion of the drainage basin. In <br />1950, the area contained 16,300 acres of irrigated land and 110 farms on. <br />',lhich irrigntion \illS pmcticed (seo Table 1). . <br /> <br />Only a small amount of surfaco water escapes frem the area and <br />that ~nlich dees escape i~ erratic in both quantity and occurrence. Some <br />irrigatien from surface sources was practiced in tho past, but it was <br />abandoned over 20 years ~go. <br /> <br />Ground uater supplies of good quality are ~enerally available <br />threughout the High Plains portion of the draina:,:c basin. The 3.r"a included <br />in the Canndj.a.n River "1.Jrcn1cs" is not so fortlmate, particuJrcrly that part <br />of the "brea]:s" area sou.ch of the Co.na.dian !~iver in the western part of the <br />drainnge basin. In this p:lrt of the drainaGe basin, ground Imters arc often <br />not locally available and where fOlmd may be hir;hly mineralized. <br /> <br />For discussion purpeses the To;:no portion of the Arkansas River <br />Basin is subdivided into tuo areas: the DalllllH County ShallOlmter 0.1'03. <br />and the Arkansas River drainage basin, exclusivo of tho Dallam COlU1ty <br />Shallouator tU'ea. Those subdivisions ere delinoo.ted in Figure 1 and tho <br />reo.sons for ti1G subdiv5.sion are given in the individuul arou c1iscusnions. <br /> <br />A. .!!.91J:Em-S:.2.unt:r Sho.llowo. tor Aroa <br /> <br />This o.reo. comprises the northuest one-third of Dallam COU11ty in <br />t\1e extremo northwest corner of the Texas Po.nhancLle (seo Fig. 1). This <br />subdivision of the Arlcansas River B~sin is necessitated by the fact that <br />soil oonditions, pmnpi.ng lifts, davclopmcnt costs, and the outlook f'or <br />futuI'o d(lVelopment differ sho.rply from those in tho remainder of the <br />drainage basin o.rea. <br /> <br />Muoh of the area has II rolling to gently unc1uJating topo[>raphy <br />with considerable micro-roliof resultinG from "inn nction durinG "Dust <br />Emil" years. The aroa Hes at em 0le\'ntion of approrlmatcly 4,500 feet. <br />Annual precipitation averages 18 incllcs, some 12 inches of whieh OCCUI'S <br />during tho 176-<Jny growing season. The area is further characterized by <br />strong wind movementr;, )JllrticuJar1y eluring the Hinter anu early spring <br />months. <br /> <br />The 10,000 ncres of irrigated lands are located in throe centers <br />of development: the TexIine o.rea, 8)000 acres; the Coldwater Croek aro3., <br />1,000 acres, lying along Coldwater Creek to the east of' tho Texline area; <br />and tho North Sedan Road o.roa, 1,000 ::tores, in the southern part of' the <br />delineated nrca (see Fig. 1). <br /> <br />2" <br />'. <br />