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<br />Table 4. Agricultural Water Requirements Salt River Valley - Phaenix, Arizana
<br />
<br /> Estimated
<br /> Addn'l Water
<br /> Actual Fwm Normal Estimated
<br /> Apportionment Flow or Pump Tota) Water Consumptive
<br />Yeat of Storage* Rights in Used in Use in
<br /> A.F.; Acre/Yr. A.F./ Acre/Yr. A.F./ Acre/Y r. A.F./ Acre/Yr.
<br />1940 2.0 1.0 3.0 2.5
<br />1941 3.5 1.0 4.5 4.0
<br />1942 4.0 1.0 5.0 4.5
<br />1943 3.5 1.0 4.5 4.0
<br />1944 3.5 1.0 4.5 4.0
<br />1945 3.5 1.0 4.5 4.0
<br />1946 3.0 1.0 4.0 3.5
<br />1947 2.0 1.0 3.0 2.5
<br />1948 2.0 1.0 3.0 2.5
<br />1949 3.0 1.0 4.0 3.5
<br />1950 2.5 1.0 3.5 3.0
<br />1951 2.0 1.0 3.0 2.5
<br />1952 3.0 1.0 4.0 3.5
<br />1953 3.0 1.0 4.0 3.5
<br />1954 3.0 1.0 4.0 3.S
<br />Average 2.9 1.0 3.9 3.4
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<br />*From Salt River Valley Water Users Association
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<br />imum week 190 percent, the maximum day 200 per-
<br />cent, and the maximum hour 350 percent of the av-
<br />erage requirement for the year.
<br />
<br />REQUIREMENTS IN WATER QUALITY
<br />
<br />The character of the raw water supply for munic-
<br />ipalities is limited by certain chemical, bacteriolog-
<br />ieal, and physical requirements. The requirements
<br />are rather broad and allow considerable latitude if
<br />the water is properly treated before use. Some treat-
<br />ment is practically always advisable, and in some
<br />cases extensive treatment is required. It is possible
<br />to treat and pudfy practically any raw water supply;
<br />however, it is economically feasible to do so only
<br />within certain limits.
<br />The requirements of primary concern are those
<br />pertaining to finished water as used by the people.
<br />The most important qualification of domestic water
<br />is that the supply be bactedologically safe. It must
<br />not contain any disease~producing bacteria.
<br />The required chemical characteristics are not so
<br />easily and definitely stated because, in many cases,
<br />it depends upon the tastes, likes, dislikes, and
<br />habits of people, which vary widely. The content of
<br />some chemicals such as fluorine, phenols, copper,
<br />boron, nitrates, sodium, magnesium, sulphates, and
<br />others must be limited because of their physiological
<br />effects. The iron, manganese, and sulphur contents
<br />are limited by appeamnce and odm that they impart
<br />to water. ,Other chemicals and compounds which
<br />
<br />affect only taste or hardness may be limited only by
<br />the past habits, likes and dislikes of the people who
<br />use the water.
<br />Physically, the finished water should not contain
<br />noticeable amounts of color, odor, or turbidity.
<br />Generally speaking, a domestic water supply which
<br />is satisfactory for domestic use is satisfactory for
<br />most industrial uses, however, some specialized
<br />industrial processes require special treatment. In
<br />most cases this additional treatment is usually done
<br />by the industry having the special requirement.
<br />
<br />REQUIREMENTS IN DEPENDABILITY OF SUPPLY
<br />
<br />A domestic water supply for a municipality is
<br />unique in that it must, at all times, be able to supply
<br />the water requirements of the system. A domestic
<br />water system cannot be planned and operated on the
<br />basis of meeting the water requirements j, most of the
<br />time," or for a calculated percentage of the time.
<br />It must also be able to meet the maximum require-
<br />ments under conditions of minimum supply at the
<br />source.
<br />
<br />Water is a necessity of life, and without it, even
<br />for a short period of time, cities, as we know them,
<br />would not survive. Concentrations of population, as
<br />is characterized by our cities, brings with it dis-
<br />advantages as well as advantages. In order for
<br />human beings to survive, a mode of living, different
<br />from that required in sparsely settled areas, is ne-
<br />cessitated. Within the areas of-concentrated pop-
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