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Last modified
1/26/2010 12:53:19 PM
Creation date
10/12/2006 12:05:14 AM
Metadata
Fields
Template:
Water Supply Protection
File Number
8062
Description
Federal Reserved Water Rights
State
CO
Basin
Statewide
Date
9/1/1979
Author
R Barry Nehring
Title
Evaluation of Instream Flow Methods and Determination of Water Quantity Needs for Streams in the State of Colorado - September 1979
Water Supply Pro - Doc Type
Report/Study
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<br />28 <br /> <br />Average velocity figures for the entire study reach were <br />high for the R-2 Cross Method in 13 of 14 instances when compared <br />against the output for the same parameter from the IFG4 Method. <br />Many investigators have cited the importance of water velocities <br />in streams in relation to the fish population, fish spawning, and <br />aquatic invertebrate production (Baldes, 1968; Baldes and Vincent, <br />1969; Dodds and Hisaw, 1924; Hooper, 1973; Hoppe and Finnell, 1970; <br />Lewis, 1969; McNeil, 1962; Orcutt, Pulliam, and Arp, 1968). It is <br />of utmost importance to determine the relative reliability of the <br />various computer models in predicting average velocities across <br />a stream transect. If grave errors are inherently a part of the <br />presently used computer models, then derived minimum-Ilow re~Qm~_ <br />mendations could also be erroneous. not only in Colorado. but iQ <br />other states as well. <br /> <br />To evaluate the differences in average velocity outputs between <br />the R-2 Cross and the IFG4 methods, several tests and comparisons <br />between the two methodologies were used. The first comparison was <br />done using known average water velocities actually determined in <br />the field. These average water velocities, determined on over 90 <br />stream transects across a wide range and large number of cali- <br />bration flows, were used as a standard against which predicted <br />average water velocities from the R-2 Cross and IFG4 methods were <br />compared. The results (Table 12) do not give a clear cut indica- <br />tion of any real differences in the magnitude of error between the <br />IFG4 and the R-2 Cross methods. The findings of Elser (1976), <br />Bovee and Milhous (1978), and Bovee, Gore, and Silverman (1977) <br />do not agree with these results. They found the IFG4 stage dis- <br />charge approach to be superior to the Manning equation one point <br />approach used in the Single Transect R-2 Cross Method. <br /> <br />The next comparison involved separating out the direction <br />(positive or negative) of the percentage of error between the <br />IFG4 and R-2 Cross methods and comparing the results against <br />known field measurements. The only clear cut distinction result- <br />ing from this comparison (Table 13) was that in more than 77% of <br />the instances the R-2 Cross Method overestimated the known aver- <br />age velocity while the IFG4 Method underestimated the known aver- <br />age velocity 67% of the time. <br /> <br />A third test was made by comparing the absolute magnitude of <br />error for a given average velocity at a given transect for both <br />the R-2 Cross and the IFG4 methods and comparing each to the known <br />average measured velocity at that transect to see which methodology <br />produced a lower percentage error. In this comparison the IFG4 <br />did slightly better than the R-2 Cross giving a lower percentage <br />error when compared to measured field velocities 52.6% of the <br />time (Table 14). Once again, there was no clear cut superiority <br />demonstrated by the IFG4. <br />
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