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nation has suffered the strain of two world wars within the first half of the twentieth century and come out strong. Sweden is a very old country with an area of 173.000 square miles and a population of about 7 million 1 a density of 42 to the square mile. It is rich in some resources such as iron ore, forests. and water power, but lacks roal and petroleum. It has a highly developed technology and an educational system with high standards at all levels. Sweden has to en- gage in international trade because even a highly developed agricultural technology does not produce all the food necessary to sustain the people. By far the greater part of Sweden's industry and commerce is in the hands of private enterprise. The sectors in which public ownership dominates are the railway system and public utilities. The state also owns a large proportion of three basic resources: iron mines, forests, and water power. Sweden has a stable population. It has pioneered in birth control educa- tion. It has been at peare for well-nigh 150 years. It has a high standard of living, one of the few which compare with that of the United States. Economic activity rests on three pillars: strong government participation, private enterprise, and strong co-operative institutions. Sweden has one of the longest life expectancies and the lowest infant and maternal mor- tality rates in the world. :Mexico is an old country in its Indian heritage, newer in its orientation to the modern world. The population is 31,426,000, with a density of 41 to the square mile, It formerly had a high birth rate and death rate. Public health measures have decreased the death rate to 14 while the birth rate is 46 per thousand. This gives a very high national annual increase of 3.2 per cent. It is a country where great masses of the people were exploited for centuries and still have a low standard of living. Re- cently Mexico has made a large investment in fundamental education (reading, writing, and arithmetic) as well as higher education. Education and technology are making the most of limited agricultural land, through irrigation and scientific agriculture. A very significant increase in the supply of food has resulted. Health facilities are expanding. Mexico has been torn by much internal strife and has undergone many economic upheavals. Land reforms have taken place over the years. Development of resources has gradually come under the control of the government; foreign oil company holdings have been expropriated. Mex~co is rich in metals of many different kinds. Puerto Rico, discovered by Columbus on his second visit to the new world, remained under Spanish rule from 1493 to 1898. Despite centuries of exploitation, the island has rich agricultural land, though limited in amount. The mountains furnish streams for water power and irrigation. The principal problems in the island ha,'e been and still are a high popula- tion density and limited educational opportunities. Chancellor Benitez of l I I 3