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WSP02037
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Last modified
1/26/2010 12:34:04 PM
Creation date
10/11/2006 10:52:51 PM
Metadata
Fields
Template:
Water Supply Protection
File Number
8200.700
Description
Colorado River Basin - General Publications
State
CO
Basin
Colorado Mainstem
Water Division
5
Date
11/1/1979
Author
US Forest Service
Title
Managing Vegetation to Increase Flow in the Colorado River Basin - US Forest Service
Water Supply Pro - Doc Type
Report/Study
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<br />0007J? <br /> <br />vidual tWe selection IIwlhnds of harvest aTe nol as <br />water productive as han"!:!sl s\,stems thai ctl~a'f' <br />openings in the forest CO\'N. . <br />Type (;l)ll\'ersion. the permanent replact!lllPllt uf <br />one cover type with another {fi~. 51. may be ap- <br />propriate in sl!\'eral "l~gelalinn types. In addition 10 <br />waleT, other henefits. such as increased forage and <br />reduced fire hazard, may i1n:nw. However. other <br />resourCl'S. such as limbl'r. food and cover for <br />wildlife, sLimic vahles of the lilllds(;apl~. and soil <br />stability, mquirc consideration in resource man- <br />agement dl!cisiuns. Such c:ulIsidPrations will neaT <br />Dn how much uflhe water yifdd polt-nllal call al:lll- <br />all\' be achipved. <br /> <br />PlllenliallncTl!ases by Vegetation Typt.s <br /> <br />Eleven cover types were delineated based on <br />diffewm:es in wah~r response to treatrntmt. Tlwse <br />cover types are alpine. mountain grasslands. sub- <br />alpine. mixed conifer, aspen, pondl'rosa pine, <br />mountain brush, chaparral. big sagebrush, <br />pinyon-jullipl~r, .md upstwam riparian. Togt'!her <br />these Ctl\'er types occupy suow 76 million i1cn!s in <br />the Coloradu Ri\'t'r Basin, Ilearlv ont!-half of the <br />total area. lIuwe\'er, ahout 50 rnillion acres are <br />dassified as sag{!brush and pinyon-jllnipt!r which <br />have littll' or no Imtl'ntial, t'xccpt tIll e.xcl'pliunal <br />sites. Thus tht' focus is 011 ahnut2fi million acn~s or <br /> <br />100 <br /> <br /> / <br />0 / <br />.Q <br />"0 80 / <br />- <br />." / <br />~ / <br />0 <br />~ 60 / <br />0 / <br />0 / <br />.Q / <br />;:; 40 / <br />0 <br />~ / <br />~ <br />" / <br />" 20 / <br />~ <br />u / <br />- <br />~ / <br />a. <br /> 20 40 60 80 100 <br /> Percent removal of vegetation <br /> <br /> <br />Figure 4.-Hypolhetlcal reduction In transpiration as a <br />lunction 01 unilorm removal (thinning) 01 trees and <br />shrubS under conditions that vary trom unllmite<l soil <br />waler availability 10 plants (shaded portion trending <br />toward bro~en line) 10 delinilely limited availability <br />(Shaded portion Irending toward loUd linel. <br /> <br /> <br />" <br /> <br /> <br />~ .~ <br /> <br />, <br /> <br />.~ <br />,. ,~ <br /> <br />.It"" .. <br /> <br />Figure 5.- Type conversion 01 brush to grass (loreground) <br />increases waler and forage yields. Improves wlldllle <br />habital by increning edge and species diverSily, and <br />reduces lire haz..,d by breaking up large, continuous <br />blocks 01 dense cover, <br /> <br />Hi% of thc f!Iltirt! uasin, Phreatophylf!!> along <br />do\\'nstwillO portions of tht~ maior riu'rs \\'t'W not <br />included in this stud\'. <br />The potential for in~reasing water yield for each <br />type was dettmTliJH~d after thllrollgh review of <br />numerous rt!search dOCllmt~nts including 11 <br />slale-of-knowledge reports on \\"alt'rsht~d man. <br />a/;wment recently puhlislwd hy tht~ Rocky ~Ioun- <br />tain Forest and Range Experiment St,ltioll. To CUll- <br />serve space, reft"wnce to much of lilt! sOllru' mate- <br />rials hilS heen omitted in this n~porl. Howevcr. il <br />cmTlplelt~ lisl (If wferences is included inthe main <br />pilpl!r.1 which pro\'ides grt'all'r detail 011 pach veg- <br />etatioll type. <br />The increases are presented as the average <br />milximurn or llI~ar maximum ons;le resl'nnsp to <br />tn>atment. llsllall~' by dearclllling alld tYPI~ cnn- <br />\'prsiun. The increases for sume \'egl'laliun types <br />Wt~re then adjuslt,'d. where apprnpriatlJ. tn reOpcl <br />the expl'ritmce of SOlnl~ units in ll1akinfo!; adjust- <br />ments for multiple use and othl'r considerations, <br />Thl' incrl'ilses are projl'c\t'd <IS long "'rrn a\'t'rages <br />that could he sustained indt'finifPiy with maint,,- <br />l1ann~ programs, ExLt'pt for tht' chaparral. there has <br />!wen no ft.dur:lion for <HI\' offsilt! transmission <br />Inssl~S Ihal might (lCLur. <br /> <br />The Alpine Zone <br /> <br />Thl' alpine zone is Ihat part of IIIP mountains <br />abo\"!' Ned tn~f' growth. which occurS.11 IO.OUO tn <br />12.000 fept rdt'\'ation (fig. 6). Co\"er consists <br />primarily of low-Krowing grasses, sedges. forhs. <br />lichens. and dwarf willows. About 1.3 million <br /> <br />6 <br />
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