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<br />. <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />3 <br /> <br />farming areas. <br /> <br />~ <br />o <br /> <br />O-ther activities of man that affect salinity are the export of <br /> <br />I-~ <br /> <br />low salinity water from "l;he Basin and reservoir evaporation. In- <br /> <br />o <br /> <br />dustrial and municipal uses presently add a minor amount of salt <br /> <br />to the river. <br /> <br />POSSIBLE WAYS TO REDUCE SALINITY <br /> <br />There are four basic methods for reducing salinity: (1) de- <br /> <br />salting, (2) salt load prevention, (3) use of saline water for <br /> <br />industrial purposes without salt return, and (4) flow augmentation. <br /> <br />Salt removal can be achieved by means of desalting saline waters. <br /> <br />All of the presently available desalting methods, however, are capital <br />and energy intensive. High capital and operating costs coupled with <br />large energy requirements diminish the cost-effectiveness of desalting <br />in relation to other methods of salinity control. <br />Salt load prevention can be achieved by preventing or reducing <br />the volume of saline waters entering the river system. For point <br />sources of salinity, such as saline springs and industrial discharges, <br /> <br />saline waters can be intercepted and transported to natural or man- <br />made closed basins for disposal by evaporation or under special <br />circumstances injected into impermeable geologic formations. For <br /> <br />significant non~point sources like agriculture, the lining of irri- <br /> <br />gation canals and laterals and the adoption of more efficient on farm <br /> <br />water management practices to minimize deep percolation of irrigation <br />waters, expecially in regions underlain by highly saline for;.,ations, <br /> <br />offer ~~ effective means of control. <br />