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<br />r~ <br />_. ,I <br /> <br />,.. <br />00 <br />C\;l type of water use. And we have created major water projects to bring water to <br />--J our cities to meet this type of demand 0 The water is used once, and dischatges <br />as a poliutant into the nearest river, By diverting water away from a river basin <br />(or from a reach of stream) we reduce the flow available to assimilate wastes <br />from natural and man--made sources alike in that basin or reach. By discharging <br />the wastes, we impose a heavy pollution burden on waters of the receiving stream <br />(or stream reach). The Y\NPCA encourages a new philosophy of water management. <br />It mandates application of waste treatment technology including the reclaiming and <br />recycling of water and the confined disposal of pollutants (See 101--a--l; 201-b; <br />201-g; 208-b; 301-b; 303-e) with the ultimate goal of "no discharge," This should <br />reduce pollution discharges on the one hand, and reduce water diverslOns by re- <br />cycling water supplies on the other hand _ Thus, if the Act is to be implemented, <br />it portends a major change in the nature of water resources investments from water <br />supply to water reclamation. <br /> <br />Let us now see if we can sum up the situation, as it applies to the example <br />we have been considering. Presently, we are called on to reduce the load of pol- <br />lutants from all point sources. The amount of reduction may depend upon: (1) the <br />level of technology being employed across the country; (2) the cumulative effect <br />of upstream water uses and pollutant discharges; or (3) the allocated share of some <br />tolerable downstream pollution loading. Where the latter conditions would be unduly <br />restrictive, they could be relaxed: (a) by increasing flows either in the effected <br />reach or the critical downstream reach; or (b) by further reducing loads through <br />other means such as controlling natural sources of pollution 0 To achieve either <br />of these alternatives, we need to look beyond the regulatory approach to water <br />pollution control. The Department of the Interior, in cooperat!.on with EPA, <br />Agriculture, and the States of the Colorado River Basin have proposed such a <br />Water Quality Management program for the Colorado River. Enabling legislation <br />has been proposed which would greatly i'lccelerate this program. <br /> <br />In my view, new institutional arrangements will be required to carry out <br />the required program, The new institutional arrangement must have several <br />attributes, if major problems are to be avoided: (1) It must be able to achieve <br />an equitable allocation of responSibility across political boundaries; (2) It must <br />be able to integrate water management and water qual.ity considerations with <br />sufficient authority to change long-standing traditions existing in be-th water <br />quality and in water management areas; (3) It must be able to achieve some <br />equity between several interestS: industry and municipalities; point and non-point <br />source dischargers; water development i'lnd waste management; to name a few; and <br />finally (4) It must be able to cope with the money problems. We shall look at <br />this latter situation in some detail. <br /> <br />As a condition for receipt of federal financing assistance for municipal <br />waste treatment construction grants, the appl.icant must agree to pay the non- <br />federal costs, and make adequate provisions for as suring proper and efficient <br />operation. This requires development of a "plan of operation" which addresses <br /> <br />6 <br />