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<br />'. <br /> <br />i, <br />> <br /> <br />, , <br /> <br />,~ <br />, <br /> <br />:,",-.1 <br /> <br />'I' <br />I~' - ' <br /> <br />,- <br />" <br /> <br />" I <br />:...:.. <br />:'..J I <br /> <br />..."::-": <br /> <br />j- i <br />J;"'.! <br /> <br />'. <br /> <br />..u:r.,-. <br /> <br />:-' <br />" I <br />' .:....._- <br /> <br />;~ <br /> <br />.~J <br />'i".J <br />: '-~.-;:; '- <br />::-1 <br />:"r:;-::;:-,; <br /> <br />,l"J <br /> <br />:;-.:e=-o.. <br /> <br />,C I <br />i.,~., <br />L.".I.l:11'__ <br /> <br />.~ <br />'''''''-.. <br /> <br />'. I <br />,(. <br />-.,- <br />,_......:::n;.~ <br />'n <br />,.~...~-. <br />;n <br /> <br />,"",:;.':... <br /> <br />-I <br />, <br /> <br />, ' 1 <br />1 <br /> <br />002402 <br /> <br />GLOSSARY <br /> <br />A <br /> <br />Abutment, dam: That part of the valley wall against which the dam is constructed. <br />Defined in terms of left and right as looking away from the reservoir. <br /> <br />Acre-foot: A term used in measuring the volume of water, or amount of water needed to <br />cover I acre (43,560 square feet) I foot deep (325,851 gallons). <br /> <br />Afterbay: The body of water immediately downstream from a powerplant or pumping <br />plant (also referred to as tailrace) <br /> <br />Air release valve: A valve, usually manually operated, which is used to release air from <br />a pipe or fitting. <br /> <br />Alkali.aggregate reaction: A deterioration of concrete by which the alkali in cement <br />reaCiS chemically with the silica present in some aggregates. <br /> <br />APrfon: A level section of concrete or riprap constructed upstream or downstream from a <br />con 01 structure to prevent undercutting of the structure. <br /> <br />Associated facility: A term used by Reclamation to describe those facilities examined by <br />the respective regional or area office. These facilities include most carriage, distribution, <br />and drainage systems, small diversion works, small pumping plants and powerplants, <br />open and closed conduits, tunnels, siphons, small regulating reservoirs, waterways, and <br />class B bridges. <br /> <br />"-.. J'/ <br /> <br />Axis, dam: A plane or curved surface, appearing as a line in plan or cross section, to <br />which horizontal dimensions can be referred. <br /> <br />Axis, dam (concrete): A vertical reference surface coincident with the upstream face at <br />the top of the dam. <br /> <br />B <br /> <br />Baffle block: One of a series of upright obstructions designed to dissipate energy as in <br />the case of a stilling basin or drop structure (also referred to as dentate). <br /> <br />Balanced head condition: The condition in which the water pressure on the upstream <br />and downstream sides of an object are equal (such as a emergency or regulating gate). <br /> <br />Ball-milling: The repeated churning action of cobbles. gravel, and sand caused by the <br />force of water in a stilling basin or other structure by which severe concrete abrasion can <br />occur. <br />