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<br />,\5112
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<br />CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-APPENDIX
<br />
<br />NOVEMBER 7
<br />
<br />kn.:.. that the O<ll'emm~nt muat put up
<br />mOilt of the money to und..n>.,lte tbl! .x.t
<br />If a Joh ut.obe done.
<br />Tl1'" American people ha"~ d..Ubnat"ly
<br />eh....n a polley of active partlclpatlon In
<br />....orld all'alMl. All. propl.. ,...e au Iweomlng
<br />a_are of the dang~r lnh~rl'nt In tbat poll<'Y.
<br />Wt' do not propolSe to tor-.ake the pollc)',
<br />but we mUlt t<-pllze tbat lh.. danger I.
<br />grl'''!''' If Amnlca I" m16tlndet8tood abroad.
<br />The Ilut few ~'e8rl1--Pf'rhapa tht' lIut few
<br />month_are eruclal. The IIe\'o' United Nll-
<br />tlOtl5 OrganlMtlon will be m~tlng Ita lint
<br />t..~ts. Amerlell will be trylng to re.lve world
<br />tT1l.d.. On a &Quod b&lll.s. The Urn.. t<) build
<br />the kind ot ~ace we want 16 nOW and In
<br />th.. YI!'ll.l1I Just ahead.
<br />Y~t the 11laln faclla that all we ent('r this
<br />crucial pUled America III neIther fairly nor
<br />fully understood by the peoplel1 ot oth~r
<br />natlons.
<br />Amerka 1.s a leg,.ndllTY I:OUntry to mOfit ot
<br />the world. It he..e bffn a land or legend
<br />through mOlrt of Ita hll!tory. The legend
<br />hllll changed rrom time to time. In the
<br />a..venteoenth and elghtfenth centurl~. Amer_
<br />Ica WII.S the land c..t freedom: In the ntne_
<br />te<>nth century. durIng the grl'at waVl's at
<br />Immigration, It WILS B1so the lllfld otoppar.
<br />tunlty.
<br />TIll' AmerIcan I~nd today Is a CUrIOll8 and
<br />contradictory mixture. A lL'gend can hardly
<br />be otherwlq.
<br />We are known to be Immenlltly strollg,
<br />Yet Axl.a proP8iandi.llts found ready bf!llef for
<br />the story thllt good !lvlog had made us IiO
<br />weak and spllleleaa ""1' ""ould not aTld could
<br />not fight.
<br />We are IlCclalml"d as generoUll and open_
<br />hlLnded With bllhons to "pend on l..nd-Ieau
<br />and N-habllnatlon_a ver!table Uncle Saota
<br />ClaUIJ, At the .-erne time we RTe called Uncle
<br />Shylock.
<br />Webelleve In tn'edom of speech forall,yet
<br />slnllter capltall8ts are said to control the
<br />mean. ot communication,
<br />We stand for fret" ent.erprI8t', but our tTlUc"
<br />abrOad strellS OUt great combines and mo-
<br />nopollee.
<br />The Metropolitan Opera Howe Is the goal
<br />ot all foreign opera atarll, but '.ie are aald to
<br />have no music ..:lcept awing.
<br />We bl'lleve In due prOC<'.. ot law, yet the
<br />world pIctures the gangsteR MOOting It out
<br />on the strl"ets of Chleago.
<br />Now, I am not going to auggest that II,.UY
<br />role that the Oovernment can play abroa.<!
<br />wlll clarity thl8 p1c.ture read.lly or Qukkly.
<br />Ukc educatlOll. or ~hlct1 It la a part, Infor_
<br />mation Is a slow. lahorloU8 bW\ney that
<br />....orb no rnlrades and produces no miUen-
<br />lUlu of unden;ta.ndJfill". It can, however, help
<br />to con'e<:t rnhJtaken Idea... It I:an make avail-
<br />able the tl'CU "bout our actlOrul and our
<br />pollcles, a.s Ihey develop out of our CIl8toma,
<br />our laws, our lt18tltutlons, .!Ind our polltlcs.
<br />A government Information ....nice abroad
<br />to ~tN-ngthen Amt'T\c,,'a volee should, In
<br />mllJor elUn Include a room or three or four
<br />TOoftUI or a bulldlng "'here the ordlnuy peo_
<br />ple of Amsterdll.m or C.!Ilro or Chungking, for
<br />example, ClIn go to tmd out about the United
<br />Stat.... Durlng the war "ie deVl'lo~ small
<br />United Stat... Ilbrarles In many torelgn
<br />cltlrs. ThI'Y "'ere Used: by newspaper 'lITlt-
<br />en, sctlooJ teachers, c1octora, tlll'tlleMl, eng!_
<br />nH'I'lI', rtudf'llts, and people ot'! the stuet.
<br />Thea' 1:1 Intense curloslly Il.hroad about the
<br />UnltNt Stal.... I am thinking or the long
<br />Unea of an:lloUll peopll' who ClIme 10 our
<br />AmeriMn Ilbrary ot Information In Mel-
<br />bourne on tho dly of Prealdrnt Roo8e,elt'"
<br />death. They wanted to know what ",oUld
<br />happen to our Qo.'emm..nt. Would WI' han
<br />an Immediate "ledlon? Who would SUCCt'ed
<br />tbr President snd how and v.'by? Their con_
<br />c...rn 110M real and lmmedlat/!. I am thinking
<br />ct the foreJrn youngat"n1 who .topped In at
<br />an AmertCfln plctUI'1' n:hlblt to ask why the
<br />boundaries of our States are 80 l!tt'lllght. I
<br />have In mind a dOClor who stopa In at the
<br />
<br />Amerlca.n llbrary In MOIlto!vld<<l to I<'ar('h
<br />American mNtICAI ~urDals tOT news at the
<br />latnttr..atmentoflnfantlleparalYlll8. It 18
<br />a remarkable fal:t that the Brltllll1 Oovem_
<br />ment's statlon..ry otrlce hIlS printed Ilnd 101d
<br />more coplea of many American WlIr docu_
<br />ments than hila our O"''fl Oovernmf'nt Print_
<br />Ing omce. An enmple 18 Targe~rmany.
<br />tbe omclal repor~ 'of the operatlotUI of oor
<br />Eighth Air Force. Brlttsh book MOpa 801d
<br />....veu.l. hundred thousand coplea or this re_
<br />port.
<br />A few weelLs ago lhe ,'eteran acholar and
<br />world trn~Jer, Henry Seidel Canby. return..d
<br />from Australia lInd ~ew Zealand. "" report-
<br />ed that our I!brartea there. I quote-: "Have
<br />enabled the right poopl" at th.. right time to
<br />learn tor themseh'f'5, trom books and not
<br />trom propllganda, what America WIl.S, Ill, bad,
<br />COUld offer. ""hat \\-1' ",'..re thlntlng. Ilnd
<br />how .....e !..It. They and all sUl'b InlllJtutLOIUl
<br />..hould b" part of our pernulllent foralgn
<br />policy:' he aald.
<br />Far more Important than the rooaul.ot
<br />COUnole, are the boob, periodicals and doeu_
<br />menta they hOlL"', F<>w ot you can have any
<br />conception of what these mean, for uampte.
<br />to ~he Ilb!'rated peopte whoa.. only lJ.n.k Wllh
<br />UlI for the paat to years hl\o8 m,en the rlldlo
<br />Voice of America. Let me read ... tew Iln...
<br />from a letter that came to me trolll AtheJa
<br />JlUt the other day. My corre"l'Omlent 14. a
<br />etranger to mO', Mr. NIchol.. CnanUlell. Thl.a
<br />Is what he sa1d; "I kn..",' thllre Willi a whole
<br />treMUfe behind tboae library dool'&. Bootll
<br />and maga.r.lnell full of that unrivaled Amerl_
<br />I:an democ"'tlc ~plrll; boob wh..re thll
<br />Iluthors are frN! to ":lpreu tnelr Ide"" and
<br />beliefs whatever thO'y n1.8Y be." 1 conte. I
<br />"'..mm.Nt hy that letter.
<br />In wartlme We hal'" dlm',w"rl'<!, too. th..
<br />Inuoen"" value of omelal Am"rlclln polltll:lll
<br />docu.melltll to tbe newspapers. ~he acholara
<br />snd opinion makel'& ot lIth..r ClJtintrl_
<br />docum"nu whlcb the commerclllllleWS sen'-
<br />Ice<'I do not cable In full and WhICh. therefore
<br />.....m be II<'nt sbroftd only by thO' Government.
<br />Porelgn O'dltor.. uk for the- complete teats lIf
<br />Frt'lllldentlBl ~hea, acts of Cong-rellll, re_
<br />porta such..... OenerBl Marsnall'a on which to
<br />buf' their editorial commenta and special
<br />artlclt'8.
<br />OUr Government documentary films hllvt'
<br />Won appredatlV" audiences abroad. Just
<br />the othO'r n4tht J nw a .msll documentary
<br />that hl<Jl II:One OVetllel<&, about the }el'p. It
<br />allowed how American Ingenuity produced
<br />for.ara vehicle thsthascaptured thetalley
<br />of tbe whol... world. It W1l8 Il Simple ~ut
<br />..ntertainlng film. MIllions or p...ople In
<br />other landll have been InstTIICtold hY It. It
<br />Willi a pl_ of Information about Americana.
<br />Flnally, I ,;hoUld like to to!lI you brlelly
<br />whllt a United Statea lntormatlon prOll:ram
<br />ahould be In terms 01 people. The bonil and
<br />marrow of any good prOll:J"&Ill are, ot course,
<br />the people who run II. There 1lI 110 &ubatl_
<br />tuto! for face-to-face relaUonshlJW. We need
<br />only a few hundreds Of Oov"rnment Infor_
<br />ma.tlon peopl" ahro.a.d. dlrt't't.ed on policy by
<br />oUr amb......dolll and anllable to torelgn
<br /><,<!ltors and broadCllSters and othelll. They
<br />should I)., N-al Amerlca1lll III the liens.. thst
<br />they know America. Hulng bomeslllllded tn
<br />Montana &1111 boy, I al..lbmlt to this New York
<br />audience that I am pel'lKlnlllly partial to
<br />thou who have d.....p rooh and varll'<! n_
<br />perlence In rural and ",'estern and ~uthem
<br />.o\m..rl.,.. With such knowledge of Amerlt'll.
<br />they clln rf'pres~nt America TIlor.. t&.ltb.!ully
<br />In fOl"ellln IlLlldll.
<br />Perl1l1JW e"en more Important people o,'er
<br />Ihe long pu:! lU"e thoo;e we 5;eteJ:lllltlcnlly
<br />e.I<:hange with oth<'T countries-the nu_
<br />denu. proft'5llOrs, technlc!lIlllI. lIClentbtB. and
<br />Olnl"r&. Hl"re In th/! 'United Stllles, lIuch
<br />vlllttoraaeeusuwea.reand talte that atol"f
<br />home. They become our frtrnda and r~maln
<br />our friends. ThO$t' Amerlcftll .tudenlll and
<br />ex~rts we send abroad to torelgn unlvers!-
<br />ties and go...ernmentll go IlS repruentatlvea
<br />01 OIU" trlldlUoll.ll a.n.d culture.
<br />
<br />Th..... an some or Ihe matulals nallable
<br />to the State Dl.'parlmcnt In Ita e:rort. to
<br />r..preaent the American pe-opl" In the de-
<br />""lopment of Am..rlca's VOice overseas. Such
<br />effortl! need not compete with our private
<br />bU$lneSSH op"rlltlnll: abroad. They ahould
<br />only .upplement and tD.cllltate normal com-
<br />mercial and prl~ate communlcatlons. Th"y
<br />should oPt-rllteI:W..t1y In thn..e ue.... where
<br />prlvr..t", IIg<,ncles Will not or cannot 1un<:.
<br />lion profitably. Nor IIhould We conduct
<br />,~e, well_mO'anlllg good-wJll campalgna.
<br />Our Infonnatlon program .hoUld be mooellt.
<br />reall8Uc, and cll1ldld. America', vol"" should
<br />be nelthO'r tlie bill: &tICk nor the lIupe"'altoa-
<br />man. The Government's role will represent
<br />only.tradlonotthegreatvolumeofc:om.
<br />munlCAtlon bl'tween <>l."....lvea and oUr
<br />frlenda abroad_a tractlon bUt a highly im-
<br />portsnt and Ind"'P<'Il.ab~ fraction,
<br />Ultimat..ly, there are only two rotKUi to
<br />natlonal lIt'(:urlty. OIlC Is .h.....r Ph}'.IC;).1
<br />po""er. Thill other Is mutual understanding
<br />with the other ClJUntrlt'S of Ih/! world. We
<br />now need to follow both roadll. But ""e mua!
<br />bol>" that ..... lIhall n~ to Inv"st It'8lI of our
<br />resourcl'll !n military power as we Invest mor"
<br />of oUr tbought and attention In the taak of
<br />mutual ullder.t.a.ndlng.
<br />In an ..tomll: age---understllnding, not
<br />bombs, 1& the laat, m,at hol>" ot earth.
<br />
<br />Preserve the Ameriuo Form of
<br />Goveroment
<br />
<br />EXTENSION OF REMARKS
<br />o.
<br />
<br />HON, CHARLES W, VURSELL
<br />
<br />or n.J..INOlB
<br />IN" TllE HOllSE OP REPRESENTATIVES
<br />Wcdnesdav, November 7, 1945
<br />Mr. VURSELL. Mr. Speaker, und!'r
<br />leave to extend my remarks in the
<br />RECORD, I' Include the fOllOWing speechl
<br />dl'lIvered by me b!'tore the Franklin
<br />County Rt>publiean Club, Chambt'rsburg,
<br />pg,. NO\'ernbl'r 2,1945:
<br />PresIdent Deihl, COllgrealllIlan O.05.lI, and
<br />members of the Franklln County lU-pl,lblklln
<br />Club, thb evenInll: I want to point out 80me
<br />very dsngerou.auends those In chRl'tl! at our
<br />Government hue befil fOlIO'l'l'lng anll. where
<br />they may lead to Unlellll there III a change In
<br />the leaderablp of our ao'l"l'rllment.
<br />I .hBll attempt. br1eflJ, by comparison. to
<br />refute the argumentll 01 tb08/! who are de-
<br />term.lnNt to remake Amertea. thoro.. Who.
<br />whetber tb"y Itnow It or DOt, a.re-a4vo<:atlng
<br />stateaoelallSm.
<br />The foundatlon lItone of tile American Rt!-
<br />PUbUl:, generally rderTe<! to now u a de_
<br />1l1OCtaey, we.s based On the fr..edom and dlg_
<br />nlty Of man.
<br />Thl.ll ~..t and aucceaatulaupersln.tcture ot
<br />gO'\'e~ent U06e from thiS foundation pre.
<br />wrvlng for him the inalienable r1ghta of hr/!.
<br />llberty, and the pursUit of happiness guar_
<br />ant..ed to him under the Conatltutlon of th~
<br />United Stat-es, further Prot~tlng hb ttghtB
<br />and opportunities by the Bill of Rlgbts and
<br />pro"ldtng him the opportunity to establl..h
<br />r..presentaUve !1lWO'rnment and courta ot Jus-
<br />tlce UUder the CcnsUtullon. It placed the
<br />c:ondUct ot hl.a GOTernment In the handa ot
<br />him and the OIlier cltlZ('n~ of our COlin try
<br />ar.d to protect hlt; rlghl$ turthu.lt prohlblted
<br />the JX'Ople trom the enac~m"nt snd enforce.
<br />ment [;f any lawI conuary to tb~ bailie law
<br />of tt.e l'iatlon, Cle L'nl:ed Staas ConsUtu_
<br />tlon.
<br />Thill Nailoll 'Wh..re the people hll,'e con_
<br />trwled th..1r OO\'etnment alld \II'here the
<br />greatetlt liberty hws obtalt:ed and Where the
<br />~eu~at progres.s In astlcultu:e, lndlUtry,
<br />
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