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<br />A5108
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<br />COl\GI}ESSIONAL RECORD-APPENDIX NO\'E~IBER 7
<br />
<br />1. ThlLllQ to the International dnllUl. It
<br />110111 control the .lI.oods ....bleh now CBI1Bfl great
<br />dutrllctlon. principally on the Meltlcan sIde.
<br />:iI. Enerty wUl be generated which wUl be
<br />tUs\rlbuted t'Qually betw~n Ih... two coun.
<br />trIes llnd Wbleb wlll ~rmlt on the one hand
<br />the amortization of part of the coe-t. of Ihe
<br />International dll1Ull And on the other. the
<br />lndllStrlllllzatlon of our frontler regIon.
<br />\1.11. PIlINelPAL 011=0:<5 MAI>.lI: TO Tln: 'TREATY
<br />wnH .""AIl> TO THI!: UO GBANll"
<br />
<br />Tb.. great maJorlty ot the obJl!Ctlolla whkh
<br />I hi..... read or hell.Td about tile taftty hne
<br />be..n made through the lack or knowledge
<br />nOOut It or of the tffhnlClll data a'hleh &et>ed
<br />.... Il basia tor It. Par uampl... various oppo-
<br />nents or th.. tuatr have obJl'<'ted by statlng
<br />thllt It ll.Sftigns 60 percent of the wll.ter of
<br />our lributarlu to the United StMK. wblch.
<br />aa we have seen, shows a complete lack of
<br />knowlO!'dge of the tr..aty. or of th.. lUOounta
<br />of "..aUr which ar.. <('ally InvolvE'<!. I do
<br />lIotreIer.therdOl'fl. tothe6fl obJl'Ctlon"ln..e
<br />r am aure tbat those ....ho mllde thE'm wllI
<br />modify their opinion on better knowlE'dge of
<br />the trE'aty and wlll revl.',e It dlep8MlonaUly
<br />with the corr""t dab of the Natlonallrrlga.
<br />tlon Commls8lon. But If th.y ,tlll ha"e
<br />aOm.. doubts. r will mak.. th.. O!'!:H of h"l\.rlng
<br />th"m In tbe Commwlon'. omc.. and gl"lng
<br />them all tbe numerical explanations that
<br />ma.y be rteCl"lllI&ry to COllVlnce them.
<br />Th.. Natlonal Irrigation CommlSlllon can_
<br />not r"ferto the objectlonswhlch are d..rlved
<br />trom l..g:1I theroles. and I will contine my-
<br />sel! to considering Ibe obJ""t1ons of a
<br />t""hnlcal charae-Ul. Ou the other hllnd. 1UI
<br />englneE'r., the n..Utl.... weigh more In our
<br />minds than the a""trut theories.
<br />With the abo,'e clarlticatlollll mad.... I am
<br />going to reter to 'he prlnClpal (;bJ""tloll&
<br />wnlch it III oUr duty to remove for ~'ou.
<br />1. Various opponents aa.y tbat the treaty
<br />assigns the thlld put or the ""aUr" of our
<br />trlbutarles. the ConchOll. San Dlego. San
<br />RodrlllO. E5condldo, Salado. and Arroyo de
<br />Las VacllS Rln". We ha,'e already ex_
<br />plalnO!'d tbat the thlrd part of th.. waten
<br />01 said tributaries l. not .....Igoed. but alm-
<br />ply the third part or the lurplwes ....hICh
<br />re""'h tbe RIO Orande after having made all
<br />the pClIiIilble d..velopments lu the baalna of
<br />elOCh one or uld ..tr..am&. Th.. gulU"antO'ed
<br />amount ot 431.000.000 cubic m..t..ra C35O.OOO
<br />acr...f....t) 11 .11gblly 1_ th3n thl! third part
<br />of the a..erage SUrpluses whlcn the national
<br />Irrigation co=laaton has calcul..ttd ae thl!
<br />CjWl.ntltlea 'Ii'h.!ch wm r....<:h the Rlo Gaude
<br />lIft...r having madl! all poPlhle dnelopmen\.8
<br />of the current of tbe siX Mnlcan trlbutarlU
<br />mentioned.
<br />2. It Is MId- thllt proJ"'Cta ...'blch now ap~ar
<br />ImpoHBihl.. to us could perhaps be (''''rrled
<br />out In th.. futtlrO', wh..n 100m.. new powerful
<br />pump tllnventl'd. et<:. The National Irriga-
<br />tion Commlsslon haa calcUlated that the av.
<br />erag.. ~urpluSl'll which wlll r..3ch tile RIo
<br />Orande from th.. .1I Muican trlbutArleS af_
<br />fected b)' the guarant)" of th.. treaty will be
<br />1.423.000,000 cubic met..n (1.153.600 acre.
<br />1~t) per y..ar. AlIi the treaty only guaranlel:'1
<br />to tbe United Statea 431.00'J.OOO cubic m"u'rJ
<br />(350.000 acre-feet) prr year. there atll! rt.
<br />mains. to Me:o:lco 992.000.000 cublc metera
<br />(H7.400 acrl:'.fefltj pler r..ar to cover amply
<br />any proJ..et which might ha..e been omlttfll
<br />,... being Impoo;aible "f CO!latructlon at pres-
<br />em. I bellne It perlln..nt to call rour au..n.
<br />lion to thl:' tact Ihat. In th..case Of the Colo-
<br />rado R!ver, thl:' Amerlcau opponentI to the
<br />Nlebratlon of the treaty With Mulro ad_
<br /><luc..d naclly thl:' ....me re8llOnlng. that I..
<br />Ihey aa.y that th.. United Stal" ought not
<br />to promlM' I.. Mnlco a aJngl.. drop of wat..r
<br />Of th.. Colorado Rl"'" Deca~ all th.. wat..r
<br />Of that at ream could be uU<! In th.. futur.. by
<br />th... Ul'Cuuon ot proJecla whlch now are
<br />de-..ml'd 11llp<:lfi$lble. I only <\eslre to add th..t
<br />If f<>r this ",,,,,,,nlng, In on.. or Ihe oth..r of
<br />Ill.. counUI"'" the-treaty ......re to be rejected.
<br />It would ~ur..ly be tne- United Slatf:ll. ",'hlch
<br />
<br />by Ita economic potentlalltlel would IIOOner
<br />be ahle to carry out those fantastic proJ""l,a
<br />In tht> CMe of th.. Colorado Rlar, in ord"r
<br />not to leave It. drop to M..Iico.
<br />3. It Is obJ""tO'd that"a pr..f..rentlal right
<br />Is given to the Unlted States to the use of
<br />UI,OOO,OOO CUbiC metera (350,000 acu-fel!tl
<br />trom our tributarl..", ",'hlch would bring It
<br />about that. In Y"O" of ~horl.8ge., th.. perma.
<br />n"IH Mnlcan cult:vatlola ....ould be d..prlv..d
<br />of water and would dl..... The treaty cl..llrly
<br />I!.peclJ'l.O'd that Mo>1lco guarameea that .."Iutee
<br />of 431.000.000 cubic meleT'l' la5O.000 B(:U.
<br />feet) trom any ot 1\.8llx trlbutarlel and &.&
<br />an avcrag.. In ~ycl... of r; yeara. \.h"'E'fore !n
<br />1,2. or more )'..ars of acarelty, It wCJtl.ld
<br />not need to glv.. a .lngle drop of water from
<br />on... "arloWl or all 1he .lIt trlbUt.arle-s wbh::h
<br />tha guaranty atl"O'Ctl. Moreover, th.. tr..aty
<br />permIts Mt>I{ICtI 10 pay the deJ'l.clenc!es 01 a
<br />5_y....' cycle of s~arclly In tlle follo....lng 5
<br />y..ara.
<br />4. It Is objected that "Mexlco will bring
<br />qUl..t "'atf'" to th. Rlo Grande ",'hUe the
<br />Vnltfll StatH will bring lloodw..tera." Thla
<br />Is Dot tru.. and we hav.. already demon.
<br />Itrated that th..l..rger part ot th.. surpluses
<br />ot th.. Me:rlcan trlbUlarlH In the futur.. will
<br />be aoodwat..... In any uent. both th.. qUid
<br />WRlera Of ..ltb..r eountry ....hlch r..ach the
<br />Rid Orande. and the J'l.oodwU..rs, will n.....d
<br />dama to regulate th..m by th..lr ..tonge. Th..
<br />eon.tructlon of th..... dams Is aom..thlng Vital
<br />for th.. two countrlf:ll. but prIncIpally tor
<br />M...xlco.....)llcbonIYClIn bl!reallzO'd by m..al15
<br />of tbetr'!".ty.
<br />5. It I.. objected that '"there ap~ar>l to
<br />ulIltaladl;ofequltylnth..tr...aty.becAU!lo>
<br />It ..pectn... that In th.. case 01 periods of
<br />extraordlnary drought. Mexlco muet pay Into
<br />th.. RIO Orand.. the shortages wltb respt'Ct
<br />to th'!" volume guarant..ed for a eyel.. 01 5
<br />}'ean In the following cycle. whU... In the
<br />cue of tbe Colorado Rlv..r, the United Slaw.
<br />wh~n su...h drought.s oc~ur, will not rompf'n_
<br />aale Mellleo tor th.. volume lacking with re-
<br />Bpeet to that ,UBrlUltel'd In th.. tollowlng
<br />y....r...
<br />The dll1'erenc..1s th..followlng: In tb"Cll.l;e
<br />of the Rio Orand... MeXICO doe-s not agr..e
<br />todellver th..guuant""'<1..olume lnali and
<br />ea.eb One of the yea.......... on the othn hand.
<br />happeN In thl! ~ ot the Coloudo R1ver_
<br />but Alnico bas thl! eholee" according to the
<br />tr..aty, ot glvlng the volum.. guarant....d In
<br />ll\oli&er or gr....ter annu.al volum..... If the an_
<br />nU1l1 guarant.-..d volum.. 11 compl..ted In
<br />"yel.... 01 5 ~....... This. ....hlch I. bl!neticlal
<br />for Medco, be<'ause It glvf:ll Mexico gent
<br />..Iaatlclty In covering Ita oblJ.gaUo!la and
<br />wblch does not ..xlst far tbe United States
<br />In th.. case ot tbe Colorado R1,...r, 11 com:
<br />p..n..ated by thl! faet 01 h..vlng 10 pay the
<br />dcl1clencl.... In the 101l0....1ng cyCle ot :Oy..a".
<br />On tb.. other hand. In th.. calle of the Colo_
<br />rado River. In which tht> Unltert Stat..s. as
<br />we wUI see. I. obllga.ted to furnlsh Ua ....lth
<br />uactly th.. volume guaranteed and ev..n wlth
<br />th.. monthly dlstrlbutlon which OUr lrlrga.
<br />tlon d...mand requlrros. there woul~ ~ no
<br />obJf'Ct In h3~ln8 the drtlel..nclea Cllused by
<br />u,lraordlnllry droughU conlp.nsate<l by pay.
<br />Ing UIIi th.. ....at..r In th.. follOWing ~'..a", sine..
<br />...... would not ha..e any plac.. to .Iore the n.
<br />.....se "olum.. of ....ater frrnn tbe abundant
<br />y..an to C'<Impl."nBllite tor th.. dry onf:ll. ....hll...
<br />on th.. otb..r hand. In the CAlle Of th.. Rio
<br />Grinde th.. Inl..rnaUonal storage dams ue
<br />th..re.
<br />6. ft \II obJ!'C!t>d that the COl!.I of Ihe Intet.
<br />natlonal dam. on th.. Rio orand... ....hlcb Will
<br />bef'0~tructNlln'eeonl.8nCl! ....Itb th.. treaty,
<br />",-m be 110 !:"eat (several hund...d million dol-
<br />la.t!I aCcording to som... and a thoUAl.nd mll_
<br />1l0ndol1araaf'cordlngtoolb..nj that M..:tlco
<br />,,'iIl not b. ahl.. to defray Its cortf'Spondlllg
<br />part. for .-hlch rO'aSOn our country would
<br />hanto bO' rontent...-lth ba..ing A ,...ry Imall
<br />parI of th.. capaclty ot thl!$f works.
<br />It 11 ~ltmate'd. by engln....... of botb eoun_
<br />tries. that th.. ctMt ot th.. three lntO'toatJonal
<br />itorag.. dams and of the n!'C~ary dlaralOn
<br />
<br />'Norks wUl be 4.30,000.000 pesos. Th.. hydro.
<br />electric planta at the two upper dama w111
<br />Ilrnerate 330.000.000 k1lo"'Al~houra per year
<br />of firm en..ttr, with additional Becondary
<br />..nergy. Th.. flnn rn..rgy, IIOld at a minimum
<br />price. wlll p..rmlt the amortlZlltLon, !),.sld..s
<br />the CCfit of the hydroelectrIc plants, 01 80..
<br />OOO.OOOpea03otthecOIItofthedaml. There.
<br />fore. betw....n the two countrl.... th..r.. WOUld
<br />hav.. to be paid 350,000.000 p,,_ tor aU ~be
<br />works. OUr country ..ur..ly wUl be able to pay
<br />the pl.rt correBpondlng to It Of the aOO..e
<br />total sum. I wlah to remInd you that th..
<br />National Irrlgatlon Comm1salon haa at pres-
<br />ent an annual budget ot 155.000.000 peIIOOIi
<br />llind that this annual hud!le1 haa be..n In.
<br />cr"8Jllng In geom..trlc prog"realon In the IWlt
<br />I..w vean. I a!eo wish to r..mlnd you tbat
<br />th.. Commlaalon Is ooDlltrucUng various dams
<br />ot almtlar magnitude to Ihllt of Ihe dams
<br />tbat ar.. plannO'Cl for the Rio Orande.
<br />w.. ..hould note. In th!s rl'Sp!'Ct. tblot the
<br />Int..rnatlonal work>< of tb'" Rio Orande wlll
<br />hav" R very economlc.1 coat. per h""tara
<br />benellted. In reality the unit coat for the
<br />It..m of Irrigation worb Pl!r ..aeh h""'tare
<br />b9nrttted In conformity with this tnterna.
<br />Uona' proJ""t ....Ill be ..Ughtl)" lower than the
<br />average obtalnO'd by th.. works ....blch th.
<br />N..tlonal Irrigation Commlaalon 1JI develop_
<br />Ing.
<br />u. Tl,l17ANAlltvQ.
<br />In the case of the TIJuana Rlnr, thr tff'aty
<br />In article IS r...ds sa to11ow..;
<br />"With the object of bettering the uldlng
<br />Ul!.ea and ot aaaurlng any practlcabl.. future
<br />d......I'lpm..nt. th.. Commission will atUdy,
<br />Illvestlgau.. and submit to the two Go\'ern_
<br />m..ntAfor th..lrappro,'al:
<br />"I. Reeomm..ndRtions tor the equitable
<br />distribution bHw....n the two countrt... ot
<br />tbe III'stera ot the TlJu.na Rlv..r ~JStem.
<br />"2. Projecta of .torage and control of
<br />flooch In order to pro mot.. and develop the
<br />domeaUc. Irrlgatlon. and other prncttcabl..
<br />U"M of th.. ....aters or thlll aynem.
<br />"3. F.sum.tes of 'h.. COIfta of the \Vorb pro.
<br />pOAl"d and 01 the lorm In wblch tb.. construe_
<br />lion of ....tt1 ...otka or thelr costa .hould ~
<br />divided b<'t~n the t....o Oo.....romenh.
<br />"i_ Recommendations with rl!1<pl'<:t to th..
<br />parUI or th.. worb whlcb Mould be operated
<br />and m.a.lnt:l.ln..d hy th.. Commllll;lon and the
<br />partI of th.. aame tbat .hould be operated
<br />and maln~lnO'd hy Mch section.
<br />"The two Oovernmrnt&. e3ch a"Ung
<br />through It.s resp..cU..e &l'CtlOllS or lh.. Corn_
<br />mllllllon. will roll&lruct th.. worn that both
<br />Governments propoole and approve. III'LU divide
<br />th.. amount of the work or ItA OOIIt and will
<br />dl.!;trlbute tb.. ....ate" ot the TIJuana RlvE'r
<br />..yslem In th.. proportion. on whIch they de_
<br />cide. TIle two Oo~..rnmellt.s agree to pay by
<br />equal pacu th.. COlt of op..ratlon .nd malnu._
<br />oance of the ....oru a&lIlgoO'd to It lor .ald
<br />object."
<br />This article lE'avf:ll. th..n. for the tuture
<br />dedslon of the two Oovernm..nt..s. th.. man-
<br />nn of drveloplng th.. ....ater. of th... TIJuana
<br />Rlfer tor th.. t....o countrl..s. ....hlch riVer. 8IIi
<br />we Said. orllllnates In th.. two coulltrlf'8.
<br />Naturally. nelthrr of the t<l.'O Oovernmtnu
<br />""oulc1.ltree to ha'"lllg that part oflt.s....I..rs
<br />that could be u.sed lit It.I re-<pectlVe country
<br />"""lllnO'Cl to th.. other. fn reality. tb..r.. Is
<br />onl)' one de..t>lopm""t on the T1Juana RIV""
<br />01 an mternatlOllal character that can bl!
<br />reallU<:l. ....blch the IntHn.Uonal Boundary
<br />nod WIlI..r COmml....lon shOUld Btudy In ac.
<br />C(lirclance With th..stlpulaUons 01 the treaty.
<br />ThI1l 11 the Mturon Dam ....hlch wltl r..maln In
<br />the United Slates and partly III Mexico. Thll
<br />dam wUl be fO'd by Mulcan and American
<br />lrlbutari... and It.!; f'ltlractlons could 1>0' 15..
<br />000.000 ..ublc meters (l2,IOO acre-I....t). TIlls
<br />amount would be dilttLbUttd, equltahly be.
<br />t""f'('n th.. two counales.
<br />SummariZing. th.. prohl..m renllllns to he
<br />dl:lCU.......d In th.. futur.. by the t....o 0<),..
<br />ernm..nt.. and th..refe>r... as regardl the
<br />trealy. th..re cannot O':l,tn an)"th1Dg whldl
<br />
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