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b. Recovery Implementation Program for Endangered Fish Species. Reclamation; the Fish and Wildlife Service; Western; the states of Utah, Wyoming, and Colorado; water developers; and environmental groups have agreed to cooperate in a IS-year effort to recover four endangered and threatened fish species native to the Upper Colorado River Basin. Reclamation is responsible for $1.56 million of the annual estimated cost for the initial phase of the program, studies to determine the best method of assisting the fish. This amount was included in Reclamation's FY 1990 Congressional Budget. The expense was allocated largely to irrigation and power and must be paid from annual CRSP revenues. As studies are completed, specific actions will be implemented to recover the fish. Reclamation's share of the fish recovery costs will be nonreimbursable and will not affect the firm power rate. The declining expense chargeable to power will continue for 15 years and has been included in the FY 1989 Integrated Projects Preliminary PRS. 2. Energy Purchase Expense. Purchases for firming are started each fiscal year, on October 1, on the assumption that adverse water conditions will be encountered. Later in the year, when more accurate appraisals of anticipated water supplies can be made, firming purchases are adjusted. Purchases are also made periodically for fuel conservation and economy energy sales, and the amount needed is determined by market conditions and transmission capabilities. Energy purchase expenses are included in Column 5 of the PRS Executive Summary, Appendix J. Energy purchases are high in FYs 1989 and 1990 due to actual and expected low inflows into the Integrated Projects facilities. Other fluctuations are a result of normal hydrologic cycles expected in the Upper Colorado River Basin. Purchased power estimates are shown in Appendix K. After FY 2004, it was assumed for the PRS that Integrated Projects generation will equal load and, therefore, no purchases will be made for firming, fuel replacement, or economy energy sales. 3. Wheeling and Other Expenses. The cost of wheeling power over other Federal systems and over privately-owned systems in Utah, Wyoming, New Mexico, and Colorado has increased. Estimated future annual quantities, rates, and costs for wheeling are assumed to continue without change throughout FYs 1990-2080, as shown in Appendix L. The future annual costs are estimated to reach $6,698,244 by FY 1990 and are assumed to continue without change through FY 2080. The Colorado River Basin Salinity Control Act instructs the Secretary of the Interior to construct several desalinization projects along the Colorado River, for the purpose of improving Colorado River water available to both the United States and Mexico. It amends the CRSP Act so that ". . . the costs of 14