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<br /> <br />Plant Design <br /> <br />The design of the reference MSF plant used for this report was based <br /> <br />on analysis of a number of reports in which the important variables of <br />the process were optimized to yield the lowest water costS.3~17 Operating <br />~ <br />~ conditions for the reference plant were then selected that would be com- <br />~ <br />... mensurate with the variables set in the ground rules for the study. A <br />flow sheet for the process is shown in Fig. 1, and mass and energy <br />balances around the evaporators for the 10-mgd plant are given in Table 4. <br /> <br />Estimated Capital and Operating Costs <br /> <br />The variables used in calculating the process, in addition to those <br />listed in the general ground rules for the study (Table 3), are listed <br />in Table 5. This table also includes some process conditions resulting <br /> <br />from calculations on the process, <br /> <br />On the basis of the operating conditions selected for the reference <br /> <br />plants, plant investment and annual operating costs for 10- and 50-mgd <br />MSF plant were estimated, These results are given in Tables 6A and 6B <br /> <br />and are summarized with the w~ter conversion costs in Table 7. <br /> <br />Analysis of MSF Process <br /> <br />As was stated previously, the approach in the study was to identify <br /> <br />the major cost areas of each process, then to determine the interrelation <br /> <br />of these variables, and finally to present graphically how changes in the <br /> <br />selected parameters affect the cost of water, Analysis of costs for the <br /> <br />50-mgd plant in Tables 6 and 7 indicated that the cost of producing water <br />by the MSF process was centered primarily in two areas: (1) water plant <br /> <br />10 <br />