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<br />Tl'upasslllIi contillllm (rOlll p. 30
<br />
<br />ue complicating the record, and
<br />whether an ilpparent dlveDI!)' decline
<br />fI real or lust a Mmplllll.rtllacl.
<br />Jl the mdmce lor Impact seems to
<br />colndde with the extinction level,
<br />paleo<<ol08lsts like D1vld Milne .nd
<br />Davtd J.blonskl. h.ve to conilder what
<br />the aeosraphlalltlCtlnctlon pallern
<br />was, whit were the life stytes or vletlnn
<br />and sUMvon, .nd whkh 01 the SUI-
<br />psted L:llllnc mechanlsms-dukness,
<br />ildd rain, Ireenhou.5e hUllna. Ores,
<br />
<br />elc, (Gilmour el aI., 19891--mi~hl ha\.e
<br />alfectedeiilChSroup.
<br />Anillly, Illt Is concludN Ihll
<br />Impact OIuses mus tlulnctlons, evo-
<br />ludonlsts like Stt\-en Gould .nd Dlgbr
<br />Md..aren must consider the ItlClent to
<br />which this loInS US to revISe Danrin's
<br />CQf1cept of ItYOlullon by nlturll se-
<br />lection. From counllns pmml r.ys to
<br />revlllnS D.rwln thert Is I.n unbroken
<br />chain ollnterdlsdpllnlry science, bill
<br />the k\-eb 01 nuthernatla1 ,ophls.
<br />tlallon I.nd descrlpllve coo1plulty
<br />v.ry dram.tlall~.,
<br />
<br />What Is the eflect of Ihls Spectrum
<br />of scIt'nCfl on InterilCllons across (he
<br />disciplines? It auses real problems
<br />beauH the spectrum Is often Inler.
<br />preted as a I1InL:lnlln order of merll.
<br />But ".hen a hnlthy Interdlsclpllnilry
<br />Il.eld aro\t'S up, most of the people In It
<br />simply see throua:h the lallileY ollhls
<br />pecL:ln, order and recognl.z.e tmt t'ach
<br />Idence hl.s dew:lopecl the techniques It
<br />needs lor Ih kind 01 problem. My
<br />rnher once told me, after vtsltln, me
<br />In the field, that he admired the ~.ork
<br />01 <<eolOllSts, but thai he would stlcl.; to
<br />
<br />physlC1, Ihanl; you, becilllH acology
<br />","'IS IllS[ 100 complicaled lor him,
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<br />
<br />jul1&'ln, tbe Validity of Sclentlftc
<br />Results la Someoa" Else's field
<br />Contlnul"l the list o"battl~rs to
<br />Interdisciplinary work. number six Is
<br />Ihls: How do \'OU estlnlilte the le\"('l of
<br />conl1dence \.ou an hilve In d:al:a and
<br />Interpretallon' IronllOmrone elsc's
<br />lIfJd1 \Vf Irt alllCCUSlOmN 10 doing
<br />this ('WI). day In our own l\eld, where
<br />
<br />Trupaulnl (Of/dlll/"I 011 p, 3"
<br />
<br />Envtronmentalluue.s
<br />
<br />Polyethylene, Recycled Paper, and
<br />GSA Publications
<br />
<br />11m Clark
<br />Ma~r, GSA Publications Production anti Marketillg
<br />
<br />one. of 'he: ma\Or chlllensa of tht
<br />1990s Is CORlel'Yatlon 01 ow environ-
<br />ment. Bqlnnlna: thll month" GSA II
<br />kl\plenMDtlna chantts that wi" make:
<br />OUI publications proparD mOll'tnv:l.
<br />ronmenll.lly responsible. Tbae chanps
<br />rauLt kOIII. I twO-yar InYilltlpllon
<br />that locused on two spedftc lreas In
<br />our publ!caUON Proanm:
<br />l,st\o\IIdweCOCl.t\nue:uslnapoly-
<br />ethylene (POly) U I plcltaslnl
<br />mtdlum 101 ow pubUcauons; and,
<br />tl my use II lusttfled" wWdt type:
<br />(ttC)'dable or dflDdable) but
<br />MIVI'S the enVIrOnment?
<br />2. Ale: the: prtnttnl plper:tI_ UIe 101
<br />our periodicals and boob *y.
<br />dable? Could WI' use ruyded
<br />papen and cont1ruJI' meettnc the
<br />atanduds fal peper permanence.
<br />especially lor IIbt1ty materIAls?
<br />
<br />The Use of Poly
<br />
<br />The Il.nt question WN easy w
<br />answt'l'. 'the we of poly bu prov\dtd
<br />CiSA With KOnomlc.nd m.rb:tlnc
<br />Idv.nllltl, However, twO indisputable
<br />factJ now OYt1Shadow the advantales:
<br />(1) poly Is mlde from hydl'OOlrbon., I
<br />non~newable l'tiOurce thlt we should
<br />\M raponslbly; and (1) pure poty b
<br />Inherently recydlble. bur lor.n URIC-
<br />ceptably hl&fi petcenllp 01 people
<br />that: Is no I'HIfy IMdIU fo( recydlna It,
<br />.tld far toO much Rnd, lIS way Into
<br />IlndRIb.
<br />We: can no lonpr iI'tOld the: co\'\-
<br />dUllon that poly should be UJed enly
<br />when the desired luR(tlon annot be
<br />puforl1\ltd .&tqiUltet, by an a1tunlti:'It
<br />that II better Jar tht I:ft-Mlnment. 1bat-
<br />loft, GSA Is dlscontlnulnc or modlfytn.
<br />Its use 0( poly In \he foIlowIrol areu.
<br />
<br />Journal Subscribers
<br />
<br />Poly b belnl discontinued u the
<br />plcbgln, medium lor ollr o""ml
<br />lulfillment mllUnas of GSA !Idlttlll,
<br />G<<JIoty, .nd AbsImctJ wfll. Pro,ranu 10
<br />.ll domestiC U..s. .ubsatben. These
<br />periodlals will be milled wllhout
<br />plclclllln&o IS II GSA Tn,. CopIes
<br />damapd In the mill will be rep!l.~
<br />1m by GSA.-Iust call or write the
<br />Mmfbershlp Departmenl.
<br />Until we find I more suitable
<br />.llern.Uve, we will continue to use
<br />poly for mallln. periodlaU to our
<br />OYeIJUS lubsalbers. The U.s. Pastil
<br />Service ""I"/m packaJln. for thest.
<br />Ind because they move by Jhlp we
<br />
<br />fft:1 that poI.yoffen tt'lt most p1'ottt-
<br />tlon ....Inst moblure.nd other ha.urds
<br />01 cxeln Ihlpment.
<br />
<br />Bad<.LabdJouraal MalUngs
<br />
<br />For the past twO yan; we have
<br />UJed poly to mall back.label IOWMI
<br />orden from our w.uehou.se:. These.lrt
<br />copla: of back Issues that so to mem-
<br />ben wbtn Ihq pay their dues: after the
<br />start 01 the subscriptIOn )'tIr. We will
<br />stop UJlnI poly (or this PwpoJI: when
<br />our cunent supply Is uhausted.
<br />
<br />Catalogs and Ryers
<br />
<br />We will no lonpr UIe poly In
<br />Our pul)IIat1ons mad:etlnc efforts.
<br />In the future. OIl1lop Ind Dyers will
<br />be mailed In recyclable pad:a1l11l 01,
<br />when PJ'Ulble, Without paclc.a"IIJ,
<br />
<br />GSA Books
<br />
<br />Cis... books h.w tradltlol1JUy been
<br />shrlonk.Wfapped with iI spec:\ll poly to
<br />prot<<t them durl." shipment and
<br />mlllln,. We.ll'l: worL:lI1J with our
<br />prlroun to phase out the use, of poly fOI
<br />this pulpO$f. We (nlend to subsUMe
<br />other enYlronmenlllly sale packa.lnl
<br />mttnods. 01: \ISIt no patkallrola, III.
<br />
<br />Bookstore Shopping Bags
<br />It you have wiled the GSA Boot.
<br />S10re It Iny Section or Annllll M'eetlnlf,
<br />AGU, 01 AAPG mMlnlf, you 11'1: lami-
<br />liar Wllh the blue.nd while poly book
<br />balthAt thousands 01 customers use to
<br />any the:lr pun:huu. We will continue
<br />to olfl'f these until our present Jupply
<br />I. WIQSled. By thlt time we hope to
<br />find In ilflord.able, env:lronmentally
<br />sale repJacement (or this IIve-IWly baS.
<br />GSA now offers. new cotron.
<br />anvlS shoppln. blS. These Ire similar
<br />In size and shape 10 blrs offfted for
<br />sale by many supermlllteU. They Ire
<br />100 expen~IYe to ~Ive IWIY; how~ver,
<br />you an buy them II OUf cost (53.50
<br />net,legthanStlpermllutsc:harsel,ol
<br />you an aet one as I silt on Iny order
<br />10 G.5A Publlatlon Sales thlt IndudfS
<br />two or mOle Items lotallnl 55S or
<br />more, net,belorelUetl,
<br />No.., to Iddress Ihe J.1t part ot the
<br />poly question: -If Iny use of poly Is
<br />IUStlfied, which type (recycllble or de-
<br />II'ldable) besl serves Ihe env:lronmmt?-
<br />When we bqiln uslns poly severll
<br />years IJO, GSA opted forlOCl9t1 pur~ ml-
<br />lertll, Illtm seerns to be I bett~r choice
<br />
<br />envtronmmlllly th.n -dearadable-
<br />poly 101 t1fO reuom: flnt, pure poly
<br />Is the only kind thl.t OS" be recycled.
<br />Poly materials libeled -dqTldable-
<br />cOntain IddlttYes such as stl.ren that
<br />dlslntttnte--blolollally or throu,h
<br />photosynthesls-l.tlvlnl behind ume-
<br />coYmlble poly flben. These ilddlUns
<br />are detrimental to recyders beCllIIJSI:
<br />even I snwll undl..KoYel'e:llmounl 01
<br />them In the m:ycllna mum an t\1Ln
<br />.n entire batch 01 recycled poly.
<br />SKoncI, the IIbtI -dep'adable- en-
<br />cowqes many people to Itd mort tom-
<br />lort1.b1e tossIn&' the Item Into the II'IIsh
<br />he.tded lor Iandftlls where. current
<br />raeuch IndicMa. It may newr dep.de.
<br />In Nmmary, .lthOllJh neither
<br />type of poly conserva our nonrenew-
<br />Ible mou~ pure poly b the. be:tte[
<br />choice bec:luse 11'. recydable.
<br />
<br />Recycled and
<br />Recyclable Papers
<br />The paper Industry Is rqlonllly
<br />oriented, With many mUls, each fu.-
<br />turtna: Its own Ilne 01 papen Ind nuk.
<br />In&' Its own decisions lbout produdnl
<br />recyded papets.
<br />Partly beCaUle 01 this. paper that b
<br />Inhamdy I<<}'dable may 01 m.y not
<br />'be .cceptable by lI'C)'CIas In.U ilreat.
<br />. Recyders hlW to live With the econo-
<br />mlc rallUa of -who, where, .nd when
<br />-who wUl buy It, haw far must h be
<br />shlJ'Pl!d, ilnd when will It be needed?-
<br />As mort mills decide to produCt:
<br />IKydtd papm, rec:yden will flnd 1\
<br />profttable to ilcapt iI wider vartety ot
<br />waste at local levels. But Iny Improvt-
<br />m~nt will ocan only In relation \0 'h~
<br />demilnd by the publiC and malor paper
<br />liSen, like GSA, for blOlldtr lines of
<br />new papen thlt art betttr fOI tht
<br />environment.
<br />For now, these pJpen lie IVilll.ble
<br />In Ilmittd supply, with limited d~I.IIC.
<br />ttl1sUa,ln twO atqorles: (I) recy-
<br />clab" papers, commonly contlilnllll
<br />mtntly 'rilJln <<bel, sometimes mlJ:td
<br />with mill broke; and (2) IK)'dIfd
<br />papen, mixes 01 up to 50'16 or more
<br />vUa\n ftbet:, t<:Ab 01 so of pttCOnsuml'l
<br />waste, manullcturlna: byproducts, Ind
<br />mlU broke, rounded out by up to 10%
<br />Of so 0( posttQNuma flbet (...ast~
<br />paper you .nd I recyde).
<br />A little Jkeptldsm Is heallhy In
<br />evalUiltina dalms thlt paper Is R:-
<br />cycled. Many papen c1almlnl to be
<br />-recyc:led- In flct contlln no post.
<br />consumer fltles. For mO$!: 0( us, this
<br />II conlrlry to the bill' meanln. we
<br />Ittrlbutetothatword.
<br />
<br />GSA Has Long Used
<br />Recyclabl~ P.pers
<br />Since 1984, the text papers used
<br />101 GSA publlatlons have been re.
<br />cydlble new paper. There Is nOlhlng
<br />Inh~rent In them 10 prevent recycling,
<br />But In some IIeIS whue recycling Is
<br />not Yf:t well developed It Is dlfflC\Jlt to
<br />recycle them or otht:r paper products,
<br />
<br />Only contlnUN public demand 1'1111
<br />chlrol~thlt.
<br />GSA. BII1/tti,/and GtoIo;ryill'l" prtnt-
<br />cd on a co;alitd, matte-Onlsh, Idd-(ree
<br />piper that b w\del.y rteydable. Thb
<br />paper contllns l69(, recyd<<l waste
<br />(preconsumerl.
<br />Our boo,",. with f1.~ u.~ptlom,.
<br />Ire printed on unCOlted matte-finish,
<br />Icld-free book pipers ..,hlch are com-
<br />monly acttpted by Yktually III
<br />recyclen. Because books al'l" nrtly
<br />dlsarded, In InsJanlflant number
<br />now Into \he waste: stJum.
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<br />
<br />GSA Begins Using
<br />Ilecycled. P.per
<br />
<br />GSA NNs<< IIIfonlltt1llol, .nd
<br />Abllr<<ts wlU. ProptIW hIve. lor YNn,
<br />been printed on common SO pound
<br />offset paper, I shm which contllns
<br />varyln, portions 01 PftCOosumer waste
<br />.nd IS widely lOu,ht liter by rl'C)'C'len.
<br />InjanUilry 1991, G.5A Today
<br />replKed G.SA NftfII II In(ol'mtlllOlI. It
<br />Is printed on I recydable paper w:Ith iI
<br />preconsumer WUtl: content. We hope
<br />to nnd I paper with a postconsumer
<br />recycled contentln 1991.
<br />In the IIIIItIdnl ueI, we Intend
<br />10 print QUI future OIt.lop and up-
<br />dilta on rl:C)'ded and IK)'dIble plpen,
<br />.U1rt1nS wtth the October 1991 aulD(.
<br />The .INlldon Is more difficult 101
<br />our toumills and booIrJ. We Irt' com-
<br />pelled to continue uSlnc papers that
<br />meet widely accepted .tandArds lor
<br />Kienei' pu'ollshina:. I tndltlon from
<br />the urliest days 01 GSA. We want 10
<br />lISe papers wllh I postCOlUumt:r
<br />IKycted ~ponent, and we h.1ve
<br />enmlnN many dlRel'l"nt sheels so lar
<br />In thlt search. ~ yet, however, we
<br />hrve not loattd ilny that mett library
<br />~tlndlrds for permlnence, rOId.iblJlty,
<br />strtnslh, etc" .nd Ilso meet 0111 reo
<br />qlllltmentS fOl appllra.nce. aVll.lab\.Uty,
<br />wtlSht,andcost.
<br />The cost lactot Is I major obstacle.
<br />The cost of pilpa conta.lrolng 1mb or
<br />more of postconsumer recyded. WlJle,
<br />and otherwise mmlns the EPA 19118
<br />standald fOl ncyded papen, sene'lllly
<br />run between 6OlNI.nd 10C1'J& mort thin
<br />pilptn without postconsumt:r conlenl.
<br />Sec.ause papa leprestnts one of tbe
<br />mlJor cost componenb In our tournll
<br />priCes. thll klnd 01 Increase would
<br />mike. 0\11 }Ouma.b p<<lhlbttlvely cc"tly
<br />to mlny 01 our subJcrtben.
<br />We will continue IeIrchlns .ures-
<br />IYe:I)' {Of ilffoldable pipers wUh post.
<br />consumer waste content. AS soon IS
<br />the rtsht combinations becom~ Ivai.
<br />lable, we: Intend to stan usl1'l' them._
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<br />GSA TODAY, February 1991
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