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<br />"Mr. DOWNEY. I appreciate the statement of the distin- <br />guished Senator. The expression the Senator used was that the <br />water which wallld be used in Lawer California wauld be sl1ghtly <br />mare saline than the wdter used in the lower basin States in the <br />United States. Let me say to. the distinguished Senatar that I <br />think the situatian is very much mare seriaus than that. I think <br />that an this point, at least, there was camplete unanimity of <br />opinion among the experts. Their testimany was that at the <br />present time the water in Lake Mead has abaut 7 SO parts of salt <br />per million, and that looking ahead 20 or 25 years they would <br />expect it to. have abaut 1,000 parts 0.1 salt per million, and that <br />is fairly goad water far irrigation. <br />"But after that water carnes out of Lake Mead and is used in <br />Arizana it will have 2,700 parts af salt per million. That is <br />water of a very poor quality and, according to. ane distinguished <br />expert, is largely unusable. <br />"I wish to say to the distinguished Senator from Calorado <br />that under his interpretation af the treaty I think the treaty is a <br />perfectly useless one far Mexico to enter into. She would receive <br />water so saline that it would be practically unUSable. Far that <br />rea san I am certain that no. one will ever interpret the treaty in <br />that way, The results will be the establishment af standards <br />af salinity by same international court af arbitratian. Where <br />that wauld take us in connection with this treaty. no one knows. <br />"Mr. MILLIiCEN, I believe the obviaus answer to. the state- <br />ment of the Senatar from California is that because of the geo- <br />graphical positiun of Mexico she must necessarily accept the <br />water in the condition in which it is when it reaches the border. <br />She cannot expect us to give her better water than we ourselves <br />~~i~ 'I~e u:~:t..'Crly _',':~o~0~ss water about which the Senator <br />na~ spoken is water that was just used on Arizona lar.ds. It was <br />slightly better before it gat to Arizona, and so on up the stream. <br />Conversely, it becomes mare saline as it comes down the stream. <br />There is no way to. set aside the simple gravitational fact that <br />water runs down hill, and that the quality of water changes, <br />becames more saline as it goes down the stream. We can make <br />no ather kind af an arrangement with Mexico. The treaty was <br />negotiated in part by Mexican engi~eers. It was negatiated by <br />men who knaw as much about the stream as we know abaut it. <br />They know abaut salinity. They know abaut the saline candition <br />af the water when it carnes out of Arizona as return flow. They <br />knaw the condition af the water in Lake Mead just as well as we <br />know it, We do nat need to give them instruction in their business. <br />They are great experts in water. They loaked at the situation. They <br />knew what ti1e water wauld be like. They were willing to accept <br />it. Why should dnyone in the United States complain? <br /> <br />B 37 <br />