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<br />. C:, ~~ ~l" -z--z..., <br />{\MvJ </) ~ <br /> <br />1995, Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center 1997); however, the extent of <br />HBC reproduction in 1998 will not be determined until at least May, when the results of <br />the Service's and AGFD's monitoring activities should be available. These conclusions <br />will be compared with those of the GCMRC's developing resource matrix. <br /> <br />If the AMWG;:eCclmmends a May throlJoh .JUly BHBF for 1998, based on hydrologic, <br />natural and ~I resource criteria, Reclamation recommends analysis of HBC <br />mortality in relation to ponding and predator responses at the LCR mouth, stress and <br />displacement from mainstream shoreline and backwater habitats, and drift in the <br />mainstream. <br /> <br />Reclamation will continue to support the Service's recommendations regarding research <br />and recovery efforts on this species. The FY 99 Research and Monitoring Plan for the <br />GCMRC include study design and evaluation of effects of overwintering mortality on <br />humpback chub, design and implementation planning for endangered fish research <br />flows, and planning the establishment of a second population of humpback chub in the <br />Colorado River Ecosystem. <br /> <br />RAZORBACK SUCKER SPECIES ACCOUNT <br /> <br />Distribution and Abundance <br /> <br />RBS are extremely rare in Grand Canyon and have not been observed since 1991 in <br />this system. <br /> <br />Impacts of BHBFs and Conclusions <br /> <br />The 1996 BHBF had no detectable effect on the remaining RBS population, or it's <br />critical habitat, in the Colorado River in Grand Canyon. The remaining RBS are mature <br />or senile fish, which survived comparable or higher mainstream flows in 1965, 1973, <br />1980, and 1983-1986, and possibly those of the late pre-dam era. These older fish are <br />capable of finding suitable refugia, and the lack of recruitment of this species indicates <br />that no young razorback sucker are likely to be in the system or at risk during any 1998 <br />BHBF's. Because RBS spawn somewhat earlier than HBC, earlier (February-April) <br />BHBF's may stimulate some additional RBS spawning activity; however, the rarity of <br />this species precludes testing of such hypotheses. <br /> <br />BALD EAGLE SPECIES ACCOUNT <br /> <br />Distribution and Abundance <br /> <br />Although bald eagles face numerous threats throughout the 48 states, they have <br />recovered from dramatic population declines over the past several decades. <br />Consequently, the Service down listed the bald eagle from endangered to threatened <br />status (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 1995). <br /> <br />1998 GCD Beach/Habitat Building Flow 16 <br /> <br />Biological Assessment <br />