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<br />STANFORD L~W un' '_
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<br />[Vol. '9: Page,
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<br />
<br />I. Analysis of (orr.;:zct provisions.
<br />
<br />Article I begins 2:,3 ends with a c~clarati"l~ "'hat the compact applies
<br />the principles of equ:'..de apportionm~t:
<br />
<br />The major purposa d this compact are to pro\"i\.~ '~::"':' the equitable division and
<br />apportionment of t.l.: Woe of the waters o~ the C\,";''''-:---'.do River Sysrem . . . . To
<br />these ends me Colo~.i;.~u River Basin is dj"'ldcJ ilm,- -~. .'0 Basins, and an apportion-
<br />ment of the U!.e of fX':"t of rhe waler of t1-.e ~1l)IJ....~. ?;: :\'c:r System is made to each
<br />of them with the prv.ision that funhcr cqult..1hll: "",.-::.~.,:-tionments may be made.
<br />
<br />Article II, the dcfi:.itional section, is of gr~..: =}Dortance in understand.
<br />ing the compact's ap;nnionment scheme. The ':', ,,';'pact does not attempt
<br />to apportion water anong the individual statn. ,: is directed solely to the
<br />legal relationship of tile Upper Basin states ~n..: :. '~e Lower Basin states as
<br />entities. As has been y-"n and will be seen in i,.~~-ater detail, this was but
<br />a beginning in the cnon to achieve 3D equilat:<.: <haring of the waters of
<br />the Colorado. The long canyon section of thc ri---"" in the southeastern part
<br />of Utah and the north.unual and nonhwcsl~ru ;:.'.rts of Arizona provided
<br />the natural division in the river between the ar..:: ":e land in the mountain
<br />valleys of the Upper Basin and the arable but a:" "emely arid land in the
<br />Lower Basin. The compact merely took aCCOll.::: 'Co,f the common interests
<br />of the Upper Basin states, the co=on inttre~t'.:i the Lower lJasin states,
<br />and the conflict of interest between the two I>..,,,",,s all of which interests
<br />,
<br />were produced by gevgraphy.
<br />Article HI contains the apportionment or. nW~e . accurately, contains one
<br />apportionment and contemplates anoth~r in the i1.o3ture." Great care must
<br />be taken in considering the effect of article III. fc",e its meaning is not en-
<br />tirely self-evident; conflicting interpretations h2"<0 abounded in the past
<br />and no doubt will continue to flourish. The Sup, -erne Court has not yet
<br />
<br />70. The text of article lll{.)-(e) follows:
<br />"(OIl) There i5 hereby :l;J?Onioncd .uom the GoIoTa.do Ri\.C'f". 5; :-<tem in perpetuity to the Upper
<br />Ba5in and to the Lower B:UL'l. r~pecl1ydy.. the aclwlvc bcnth.:l.;.. consumptive use of 7,So~.ooo
<br />aac-feet of wala pC' OIinoUIL, which shall lDelude all WOIkr nf'l.'"O:....,ry {or the supply of .any nghts
<br />which may now exist.
<br />"(b) In addition to the apportionment in p2..l'2grapb (I), the :"'~.ower Basin is hereby given the
<br />right to increase its ~dic~ c.onslll!lptivc use. of IRJcb "'.alen t.y 0""11: million acre-feet per .iIlnDum.
<br />"(c) If, as II matter of ClterD.atlonil comIty, the Un!lt'd State,. of Amuica shall hereafter roc-
<br />o,ni%c in the Unitrd States c.f Mc~ico an}' right to the U&(: of an:.. wat~ of the ColorOl.do River
<br />System, .ucb waters s~~ be ru1?plied. first from the .'alt;~1 ""hlc.h . 'life surplus ovu and above the
<br />aggregate of the quantities specified In paragrapbs (a) a.nd (h); :',nd if such surplus shall prove
<br />insufficient for tbU pUrpose, then, lhe burden of such defulenc~' IohaU 1 be equally borne by the U~pu
<br />Ba..sin and the Lower Basin, and whenever nec~~ the Sl.1lrs .of ::~~e Upper Division shaH .dehv~
<br />at I..cc Ferry water to supply ODe-half of the defiCiency 10 rccognl.Uc I in addition to that prOVided m
<br />paragraph (d). . . , ,
<br />"(d) The States: of the Upper DIVISion will not caUJ,e the .Bow : of the river at Lee Ferry to be
<br />depleted below an aggregate.of ?5.~oo,~oo a:re-ftt[ for any pl:'nod o.~ ~ ten consecutive, years reck?ned
<br />in continuing progres.sive seno beglnnmg WIth the first ~y of Octo.:..~er next succeedlDg the ratifica.
<br />nOD of this compact. .
<br />"(e) The States of the Upper Division "h:a11 ~ot wnhhnt.J 'W:;I1t..~r, and the States of the ~wer
<br />Division shall not require the delivl:ry of waler, which cannot rcasoD-ably be applied to domesuc aDd
<br />agriculrural uses."
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