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<br />. <br /> <br />002487 <br /> <br />Quaternary deposits overlie the bedrock over much of the watershed area. These deposits generally <br />consist of unconsolidated clay, silt sand, gravel, and sometimes cobbles and boulders. <br /> <br />Groundwater in'the watershed is found in both confined and unconfined (water table) conditions. <br />The youngest confined aquifer in the area is the Lower Cretaceous Dakota sandstone, which is not <br />exposed in the watershed. The flow in the Dakota sandstone is toward the northeast and the <br />recharge area of the Dakota formation is the outcrop area to the southwest of the watershed. <br />Activities and surficial contamination sources in the watershed generally have little, if any, effect on <br />water quality in the confined aquifers. <br /> <br />Unconfined conditions in the watershed occur primarily in the alluvial and terrace deposits along the <br />Arkansas River and its tributaries. Groundwater flow in the unconfined aquifer is generally toward the <br />river. Recharge to the unconfined aquifer is from precipitation, irrigation, and leakage from canals, <br />ditches, and drains in the watershed. It is this unconfined aquifer that is the most susceptible to <br />contamination from septic systems, feed lots, fertilizers, and pesticides. <br /> <br />Solis <br /> <br />The soils in the watershed are mainly of the Rocky Ford Numa-Kornman Association. The soils of <br />the Rocky Ford series are deep, nearly level, well drained, loamy soils. They are on terraces of the <br />Arkansas River and its major tributaries. <br /> <br />The fertile surface layer of these soils is a grayish silty clay loam. It is hard when dry and friable <br />when moist. The subsoil, or horizon underlying the silted surface layer, is brown silt loam that is <br />easily penetrated by plant roots, air, and water. This silt loam grades to lighter colored silt loam at a <br />depth of 3 inches and is coarse textured. Many of the soils have some salts in them. <br /> <br />Land Cover <br /> <br />The land cover in the watershed is estimated in Table A: <br /> <br />Table A - Land Cover <br /> <br />Land Cover <br /> <br />% <br /> <br />Acres <br /> <br />Cropland <br />Rangeland <br />Other <br /> <br />67 <br />30 <br />~ <br /> <br />100.0 <br /> <br />59,700 <br />26,850 <br />3.100 <br /> <br />Total <br /> <br />89,650 <br /> <br />4 <br /> <br />~, <br />