My WebLink
|
Help
|
About
|
Sign Out
Home
Browse
Search
WSPC07148
CWCB
>
Water Supply Protection
>
Backfile
>
19000-19999
>
WSPC07148
Metadata
Thumbnails
Annotations
Entry Properties
Last modified
7/29/2009 9:37:35 PM
Creation date
10/9/2006 6:17:50 AM
Metadata
Fields
Template:
Water Supply Protection
File Number
8283.200
Description
Colorado River Basin-Colorado River Computer Models-Colorado River Decision Support System-RAY
State
CO
Water Division
5
Date
1/1/1995
Author
Jim Heaney
Title
Jim Heaney Boulder Creek Description-Project Summary-Watershed Management and Urban Water and Environmental Infrastructure Systems
Water Supply Pro - Doc Type
Report/Study
There are no annotations on this page.
Document management portal powered by Laserfiche WebLink 9 © 1998-2015
Laserfiche.
All rights reserved.
/
35
PDF
Print
Pages to print
Enter page numbers and/or page ranges separated by commas. For example, 1,3,5-12.
After downloading, print the document using a PDF reader (e.g. Adobe Reader).
Show annotations
View images
View plain text
<br />. <br /> <br />~, <br /> <br />002077 <br /> <br />tated surfaces which employ commonly available climatological data will be <br />used (e.g. Chow et al. 1988). These simple methods provide an estimate of <br />Potential ET only; consequently they must be calibrated to account for the <br />fact that moisture supply often limits ET and urban areas are not completely <br />vegetated. <br />The calibration of the simple methods will be accomplished with more <br />accurate estimates of ET from so-called profile methods (e.g. Brutsaert <br />1982). The profile methods require measurements of wind speed, air tempera- <br />ture, and relative humidity values at two elevations in order to calculate ET <br />over representative portions of the urban area of Bew beginning with the <br />Heatherwood area. In addition to the ground-based estimates, use will be <br />made of remotely sensed data to estimate ET from the urban areas. Surface <br />temperatures and vegetation index data can be derived from Advanced Very High <br />Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data archived at the University of <br />Colorado. Remotely sensed data have the advantage, over surface based meas- <br />urements, that the data cover large areas and are routinely collected with <br />fairly high frequency. However, ET estimates from remotely sensed data are <br />complicated by the presence of vegetation which exerts an influence on ET <br />which varies with plant type and condition (Engman and Gurney 1991; Jackson, <br />et al. 1981). Incomplete canopy further complicates the situation (Kustas et <br />al. 1989) and this is exacerbated by the multiple types of heterogeneity <br />which exist in urban areas. Although much work has been done over agricul- <br />tural areas and some work over natural areas, no generally acceptable method <br />exists for estimating ET from remotely sensed data. Over heterogeneous <br />surfaces such as found in an urban area, the ground-based profile estimates <br />of ET will be indispensible for developing and validating remote sensing <br />based ET algorithms. A detailed GIS exists for the Heatherwood area. This <br />information will be useful to determine the proportion of vegetation, bare <br />soil, pavement, and roof cover which affects the distribution of energy at <br />the surface into ET and heat convection and" also influences the signal re- <br />ceived by the satellite sensor. Also, a real-time control irrigation system <br />complete with a weather station is in use on the U. of Colorado main campus. <br />The sequence of work to be done, is first to implement the simple meth- <br />ods which use available climatological data while simultaneously attempting <br />to determine the water budget for the Heatherwood area. Next, additional <br />atmospheric data will be collected within the Heatherwood area to get more <br />accurate profile method estimates of ET. Finally, remote sensing data will <br />be used to estimate ET. The profile method estimates will be used to deter- <br />mine the accuracy of the simple me~hods and to develop the remote sensing <br />algorithms. <br /> <br />5.4. Dynamic Water Quality Modeling <br /> <br />Traditional water quality management has focused on minimizing the <br />Lmpact of urban wastewater discharges. In most cases, the emphasis was on <br />evaluating the impact of a single point source discharge into a stream under <br />a specified low-flow condition. A very simplified, steady state characteri- <br />zation of stream hydraulics was used. For example, the most widely used <br />stream water quality model, QUAL2E (Brown and Barnwell 1987) cannot simulate <br />unsteady flows. Textbooks such as Chapra and Reckhow (1982) and Thomann and <br />Mueller (1987) describe other steady-state approaches. <br />Efforts have been made to integrate hydraulics into water-quality frame- <br />workS. For example, the EPA WASP model (Ambrose et al. 1993) can be coupled <br />with a dynamic routing model (DYNHYD). Corps of Engineers models such as CE- <br />QUAL-RIVl also include advanced hydraulics and mass transport routines. <br /> <br />12 <br />
The URL can be used to link to this page
Your browser does not support the video tag.