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<br />':r..,,- .-Ij? we!'. ,0 '09
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<br />(; ~ .L 28
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<br />IfI,'TRCDUCTION
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<br />This sUlJpler:\cr.t w i.ll 'id~reS.5 thf>
<br />
<br />issue:
<br />
<br />....-:19,t is
<br />
<br />the relationship betwc~n
<br />of rlparl~~ vegetation?
<br />
<br />str,:,)::1flows <ln1 e':QS'j':st("~~ h'::'-'llc.h,
<br />
<br />~speci~llJ ~hat
<br />
<br />LiterJtu:,c frc;m thr,,': g~oi('aj)hic regIons was reviewed in order t.o pn~pare this
<br />supplen~nt.. The region.; are (1) thf: ea~ter-n SI€%"ra Nevada of California I (2)
<br />tr.e southwester~ U.S.. ar.d (3) Scandinavia, especially Sweden.
<br />
<br />Ecosyste:ll health, for the p:.lI'pOSe3 of tois paper, is the ability of the
<br />ecosyst.e:'l to maintain i is strul,;tural and physiological character through tine
<br />and space. This 10es not. lorer a static v13getatlve stat.e, in which the
<br />ri~r1an character i sUes rema in fixed. In fact f Just the opposite is required
<br />t~ pre~erve the rl~~rian ec~syst~~. The no~mal proces~e~ of survival,
<br />rcgener.-,.,tion I an1 gr'owth of incH v idua15, species, and comt:1Un~ ties must ex 1st in
<br />varJing proportions across Lime and space. The re.sultant d:;nal:\~c equilibrium
<br />mgintains the resilZency of the ecosy~te~1 and therefore 1ls health.
<br />
<br />CASE STUDIES
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<br />Eastern Sierra ~~vada
<br />
<br />St'Jd'..es ir. the eas':.ern Sierro. ~evalja of Suut.hefll California documented several
<br />CCl:':"al"is0t.s betwE.-o?n ~pecies located bot~ abu'.O! ;;ind below diversions.
<br />Morphological c:omp.."\rlsons (indf'.'iu'..Ial le~r area, leaf area/bra:1ch ler.g':.h, and
<br />sp,=,cific lea.f i'\a~s) uere !:lade for t.hree WO;Jdy, ripar'ian-dependent specias
<br />(w3-te~ birch. black cott.O:'l"":YJd, and rre<'lont cot~onuood) I Includir.g two life
<br />st3ges (adult anc! ju~p.nile). at t,.lQ sitli:S on Bi~rt::p Cref!k. Of the eighteen
<br />c~t.'ljXlri.sons don~. ,sj,(tefm .showec st.ati.stic...'l.l1y sig:l1flcant iapacts to riparian
<br />v~getation caus@d by div~r51cn ~per;t1ons (S~1~h et al. 19S;).
<br />
<br />In l".e: sal:',o:: st'j.Jy t.h-e 1i :;~:'~: CEs:>et..e(;.n .ieaf s~rfacld a:1d air te!:1per-atures
<br />,",pre s~a~lsti.::a:.1J .3~f;;r;.:r~l~lln:,l/ g:-j?.t.er at d~:-.-~l:>-,;' sttes ..~er, ~O:7,p.;.rec witn
<br />lc'rt'-t'loH st,;€-s. Lpaf ~:..l;,rd.."J ~~;-!=,,:-a:'l.:res :::.re c:-i'::.cal tJ tho:; efflGiency of
<br />
<br />~h~ ;::hGtO.iii1tr,o;'.'i~o;;. ;::-oce.:is:
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<br />3~ove 3. ce:"~3in 'J7:re.:;.hold the: io/3.:"!:lcr t(Je leaf
<br />
<br />tr:-.~e:"atcfe, the :.es;:;: ;:r'O~C"lJ'LI...I'E-~':S ~n;tt ~a:"':~~ pl-.),::e
<br />
<br />A~ ext~r~e ter.p~r~tures
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<br />:e:::J.t' C:~"'J.ze i;!!'Ij ~:.t'l.ali'.y r~a:f ':'.'1_l,.r. Tran$fJu"cti.c.n i.:: ':.he c::::l~nb process by
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<br />;,-t1icn "'IJis:......2' i::. ~!.J::s~ir€~ f:'c:!: ;.t-,.;! .soil, +-.r'.rcu{~ ~.ne ~lanr., and ~ut sto:!;ata::"
<br />"p.;=-.l~~."o in tr.r: :....,.. li~ t.~J~ IIK~-,;~'..:r(: C'.:lPO;;tt-:-s "':o~ thi' le-af s:..rr'_\ce. t.he
<br />l~:.'lf .;.~~ti.;:' ~~ ~. ,;,t -~,.,~.:., P..'::C;.~.;52 ~cii r:~l.,...~r", is "':::'~'3.11i' ....-:)!"~ ~v:lllat:le,
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