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<br />, . ~; \j 1 <br />u'jU- <br /> <br />C = C""J_' (V''-'J_' <br />''-'J <br /> <br />+ V,/,J) + CinJQinJ + Cbs}JSJ - c',-,.r-,QoutJ <br />V"".,+ V,/,J + W,QoutJ <br /> <br />(19) <br /> <br />COWJ = <br /> <br />CrUJ_t ... WtCres,t <br />1 + W, <br /> <br />(20) <br /> <br />Policies and Constraints <br /> <br />We draw the distinction between physical constraints and operating constraints, guidelines, and <br />policies, which we will refer to as operating rules. Physical constraints are constraints imposed <br />on the system due to physical design criteria. These include the elevation of the top of the dam, <br />the elevation of the top of dead storage, and maximum capacities of spillways, penstocks, and <br />outlet works, Such physical constraints will be known to each object through data input and the <br />simulator will ensure that such constraints are not violated; otherwise, a error condition exists, <br /> <br />A key concept for the modeling system will be the ability to represent the operating rules as data. <br />The model will provide the user with the ability to write, modify, add/delete, debug/trace, and <br />prioritize rules, without having to recompile the program. This will represent a major <br />improvement over the existing CRSS, providing "what-if' analysis with regard to policy. In its <br />final form, the model will allow this interaction through the GUI, eliminating the need to know <br />the detailed rule language. <br /> <br />Rules may be simple (such as target elevations for particular reservoirs) or may be more <br />complex, where a conditional statement determines whether the rule is active or not. Rules will <br />have the ability to "look ahead" to anticipate future events (such as forecasted inflow) and may <br />be dynamic in that they are formulated in terms of model variables that are determined as the <br />model runs. <br /> <br />Model Control <br /> <br />The modeling framework being developed under the Regional DSS program will allow for <br />different solution methodologies or controllers, Currently, work is on-going to allow for simple <br />simulation and a linear programming-based optimization, We anticipate that the new CRSS will <br />use a rule-based simulation approach to model control. <br /> <br />This controller will require that the simulator interact with the rule processor during a modeling <br />run, In the existing CRSS, this interaction is essentially "hard-wired" in the Fortran code. Since <br />users will be able to develop their own rules. there must be mechanisms for resolving conflicts <br />among the rules, In the Bureau of Reclamation's prototype River Simulation System (Reference <br />3), the interaction between the rule processor and the simulator was less than satisfactory. <br /> <br />9 <br /> <br />DRAFI': February 17. 1994 <br />