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<br />00054'6 <br /> <br />Artificial total storage node <br /> <br />This node is added to account for total storage in the system, <br />including surface water reservoirs and groundwater storage. <br />Two types of links join each reservoir to the total storage <br />node; desired storage and final storage. Lower bounds for <br />the desired storage links are specified minimum storage <br />levels; upper bounds on desired storage links are the <br />reservoir target storages and the lower bounds on the final <br />storage links are zero. <br /> <br />An additional link to this node is the storage link from the <br />groundwater reservoir node. The lower bound is zero and its <br />upper bound is the groundwater initial storage plus the upper <br />bounds on all links from real nodes to the groundwater node. <br /> <br />Demands: <br /> <br />There are two types of demand nodes; the terminal demand <br />nodes and instream use or "flow-through" demand nodes. <br /> <br />Flow-through demands <br /> <br />Program MODS 1M provides for demands for water which are <br />not terminal; Le., demands which flow through the demand <br />node and remain in the network for subsequent diversion. <br />This would include instream uses for navigation, water <br />pollution control, fish and wildlife maintenance and <br />recreation. Flow-through demands are also useful for <br />augmentation plans, exchanges between basin water users, <br />and development of reservoir release operating rules. <br /> <br />17 <br />