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WSPC03161
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Last modified
7/29/2009 8:15:28 AM
Creation date
10/9/2006 3:46:44 AM
Metadata
Fields
Template:
Water Supply Protection
File Number
8040.950
Description
Section D General Studies-General Water Studies
Date
1/1/1962
Author
RD Dirmeyer Jr
Title
Bentonite Program-Corres Reports-Dirmeyer-1960-1961-Progress Report of Clay Sealing Investigations During 1961
Water Supply Pro - Doc Type
Report/Study
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<br />FIELD TRIALS <br /> <br />A third assumption made in setting up this <br />project was that with deposits located and develop- <br />ment begun, trial installations with local clays in <br />canals and reservoirs would be made. As may be <br />seen in Figure I, where the trials are located, and <br />in Tables III, IV, and V. where the results are sum- <br />marized, significant progress in this respect has <br />been made. <br /> <br />A total of 89 installations are evaluated in <br />this report. Of this total, 38 (26 ditches and 12 <br />ponds) are in Eastern Colorado and 35 (23 ditches <br />and 12 ponds) are in Western Colorado. Those in <br />the San Luis Valley are included in the Western <br />Colorado grouping. The remaining 16 (13 ditches <br />and 3 ponds) were made with Wyoming bentonite <br />rather than Colorado clay. <br /> <br />Significantly, all of the field trials have been <br />made at the expense of the individuals or irrigation <br />companies. In some instances, the clay producer <br />has partially subsidized the field trials and, in <br />many instances ~ federal cost -sharing has been <br />received. The noteworthy fact is, however, that <br />the bulk of the development work has been accom- <br />plished by irrigation people, sufficiently concerned <br />and interested to spend major amounts of their own <br />time and money toward the development of low-cost <br />sealing methods for canals and ponds. <br /> <br />At this half -way point in the evaluations, only <br />tentative conclusions concerning results can be <br />offered. These tentative conclusions, gained from <br />a study of results outlined in Tables TIlt IV, and V, <br />are listed below: <br /> <br />1. The most favorable results were obtained <br />from installations in rocky to gravelly materials. <br /> <br />2. The most unfavorable results were ob- <br />tained from installations in silty to fine sand <br />materials. <br /> <br />3. The estimated value of benefits during the <br />first season after installation have, in many instances, <br />equalled Or exceeded the costs of installation. <br /> <br />Three general methods of installation (or com- <br />binations thereof) have been used in the field installa- <br />tions: <br /> <br />1. Wash-in -- The clay is washed into the <br />head-end of the canal being sealed. The flowing <br />canal water carries the clay to and into the leaky <br />zones. <br /> <br />2. Multiple-dam -- The clay is stacked in <br />the dry canal, spaced at regular intervals to obtain <br />full ponding coverage of the normal wetted perimeter <br />in the canal. A small head of water is turned in the <br />canal. The flow ponds behind the first dam over- <br />tops it, and the resulting muddy mixture is caught <br />behind the second dam. The same sequence is re- <br />peated through the canal reach being treated. Again <br />the canal water is utilized to carry the clay to and <br />into the leaky zones. <br /> <br />3. Membrane - - The canal section is over- <br />excavated to at least one foot depth and the clay is <br />placed as a continuous membrane. It is then packed <br />and covered with excavated material and/or gravel. <br /> <br />More detailed information on procedure is <br />available by writing to the Colorado State University <br />project. <br /> <br />As to future project activities in regard to <br />trials, the evaluations of existing (and new) trials <br />will be continued. The project emphasis will be on <br />new trials in sandy to silty soils, where major de- <br />velopment problems remain at this time. <br /> <br />6 <br />
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