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<br />000284 <br /> <br />driven federal land managers to take a more <br />holistic approach to land management decisions, <br />and to incorporate species habitat conservation <br />needs into project permitting and approval actions <br />in unprecedented fashion. <br /> <br />6. The prime example of this is the Pacific <br />Northwest, where terrestrial species protection <br />(northern spotted owl) and aquatic species <br />protection (salmon) concerns have linked up to <br />drive comprehensive, across the board "ecosystem <br />management." <br /> <br />a. Examples of these activities include the <br />Clinton Administration's Forest Plan; the <br />Forest Service/BLM Interim Strategy for the <br />Protection of Anadromous Fish (" PACFISH") ; <br />the Forest Service Inland Native Fish <br />Strategy ("INFISH"); and the Columbia River <br />Basin Ecosystem Management Project being <br />implemented by the Forest Service and the <br />BLM. <br /> <br />b. The Ecosystem Management Project is expressly <br />oriented along watershed lines, as is the <br />INFISH. <br /> <br />IV. PRACTICE POINTERS ON MANAGING EXPOSURE TO THE ESA <br /> <br />A. Prelisting Activities. <br /> <br />1. Monitoring of and participation in prelisting <br />actions. <br /> <br />2. Development of prelisting conservation agreements. <br /> <br />B. Participation in the Listing Process. <br /> <br />C. Section 7 Consultation. <br /> <br />D. Avoiding Section 9 "Take" Liability. <br /> <br />1. Section 9 "clearance" letters. <br /> <br />2. Habitat conservation planning and incidental take <br />permitting. <br /> <br />JACKSON: 0017102.01 . <br /> <br />17 <br />