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<br />000270 <br /> <br />species determined to be threatened or endangered. <br />16 U.S.C. & 1533. <br /> <br />a. Listing triggers the regulatory mechanisms of <br />the Act. <br /> <br />b. Species can be listed either as "threatened" <br />or "endangered." <br /> <br />(I) "Threatened species" are species likely <br />to become endangered within the <br />foreseeable future throughout all or a <br />significant portion of their range. 16 <br />U.S.C. & 1532 (20). <br /> <br />(2) "Endangered species" are those in danger <br />of extinction throughout all or a <br />significant portion of their range. 16 <br />U.S.C. & 1532 (6) . <br /> <br />c. The ESA defines the term "species" to include <br />species, subspecies, and isolated population <br />groups of vertebrate species which are <br />capable of interbreeding when mature. 16 <br />U.S.C. & 1532(16). <br /> <br />d. Listing decisions must be based on the "best <br />available scientific and commercial <br />information" regarding the species and the <br />reasons it is threatened with extinction. 50 <br />C.F.R. & 424.1l(b) (1992). <br /> <br />e. The Service is specifically precluded from <br />considering the economic or other impacts of <br />listing. <br /> <br />f. Listing is performed through rulemaking and <br />publication in the Federal Register. <br /> <br />2. The ESA proscribes strict timetables for species <br />listing. <br /> <br />a. For listings initiated by the Service as a <br />result of status reviews or other activities, <br />a final listing determination must be <br />published within one year after the species <br />was proposed for listing. 16 U.S.C. & <br />1533 (b) (6) (A) . <br /> <br />3 <br />