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<br />0002'9
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<br />STUDENT NOTES
<br />
<br />429
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<br />necessary for irrigation and domestic purposes was reserved to
<br />the tribe, The court, in V,S, v, Wightman,' says of the Winters
<br />case, "[it] is not an authority that the mere creation ex vi
<br />termini reserves to the Indians, or to the United States for their
<br />benefit, the beneficial use of all waters flowing within the
<br />reservation. "
<br />
<br />The amount of water reserved was held in Conrad Invest-
<br />ment Co, v, V.S,' to be that amount necessary to irrigate the
<br />entire irrigable acreage of the ,'eservation, This doctrine was
<br />applied in Skeem v, V,S,,' the court saying, "The purpose of the
<br />government was to induce the Indians to relinquish their no-
<br />madic habits and to till the soil, and the treaties should be con-
<br />strued in the light of that purpose and such meaning should be
<br />given to them as will enable the Indians to cultivate eventually
<br />tbe whole of their lands so reserved to their use,"
<br />
<br />However, the same court in the later decision of V,S, v,
<br />Walker River Irrigation District reverted to the Winters case
<br />and held that there was reserved water reasonably necessary
<br />to supply the needs of the Indians, In determining the amount
<br />that was reasonably necessary, the court said, "The area of
<br />irrigable land included in the reservation is not necessarily the
<br />criterion for measuring the amount of water reserved, whether
<br />the standard be applied as of 1859 or as of the present, The
<br />extent to which the use of the stream might be necessary could
<br />only be demonstrated by experience.""
<br />
<br />The facts in the above case show that the reservation was
<br />created in 1859; that by 1886, 1,900 acres were under cultivation;
<br />that this area had not substantially increased by the time of
<br />trial; and that the Indian population on the reservation was not
<br />increasing, Applying the test to the facts, the court decreed the
<br />amount of water shown to be necessary to cultivate that acreage,
<br />i.e. 26,25 cubic feet per second, with a priority right as of 1859,
<br />The government, acting in behalf of the Indian wards, had asked
<br />for 150 cubic feet per second which they might demand from
<br />year to year at the commencement of the season, The court said
<br />of this,"" "that a decree of this sort would tend greatly to
<br />
<br />'230 Fed, 227, at 283 (D, C. Ariz. 1916),
<br />'161 Fed. 829, 8.8 C, C, A, 6(7 (C, C. A. 9th, 1908). a!fa 156 Fed. 123
<br />(C, C. A, Mont. 1907).
<br />'Supra note 6, at 96. Art. 8 or the Act or June 6. 1900, 31 STAT. 672,
<br />involved in thIs CRSG expressly reserved water tor Irrigatton "on la.nd actual-
<br />ly cultivated and In use,"
<br />IOalbia.
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