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I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 2.0 WATER DEMAND 2.1 General The feasibility investigations for a pipeline system to deliver municipal and industrial water normally depend on detailed analysis of projected population increases and water demand estimates to support sizing of the delivery system. For the Towaoc system, the u1 timate water ri ght of 1,000 af per year is a predetermi ned amount. The ana1ysi s of water demands requi red in thi s study is therefore only to establish the temporal distribution of the 1,000 af, and to provide a basis for estimating when the full allocation might be use!!. In this chapter the historical and existing water use pattern of the Tribe is presented and projecti ons are made of popul ati on increases. It is expected that the water demand pattern wi" change in the future as 'I better water quality and a more firm supply becomes available. A prominent factor in regard to short-term demands is adequate flow rates to meet fire-flow requi rements. Upgradi ng the fi re-fl ow caoabi1 iti es may 1 ead to reducti ons in insurance rates within the areas being served. The variations of water use due to the seasonal changes are prominent in the semi -ari d regi ons of the west and southwest Uni ted States. The monthly, daily, and hourly peak flow requirements are therefore key elements for developing pipeline sizing recommendations. 2.2 Historical Records Reliable and long term documentation of the historical usage rates are not available for Towaoc since only 1 imited records have been kept. Table 2.1 contains a summary of pumping records of the Towaoc municpa1 water supply system for the period from Oecember, 1985 to June, 1987. Water is pumped from the exi sti ng unnamed reservoi r near State Hi ghway 566 to the storage tanks above Towaoc. In addition to the pumped water listed in Table 2.1, water has also been supplied to Towaoc from a ground-water infiltration gallery. Only a 2-1 1059c