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<br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br /> <br />STIFFNESS / RELATIVE DENSITIES OF SOILS BASED ON SPT N-VALUES <br /> <br />CLAYEY SOILS <br /> <br />~ UNCONFINED <br />CONSISTENCY COMPRESSIVE <br /> STRENGTH (psI) <br />2 Very Soft 500 <br />2-4 Soft 500,1000 <br />4,8 Medium Soft ]000-2000 <br />8,]5 Stiff 2000-4000 <br />15,30 Very Stiff 4000,8000 <br />> 30 Hard 8000- I 6000 <br /> <br /> SANDY SOILS <br />~ RELAT]VE <br />DESCRIPTION DENSISTY <br /><4 Very Loose <0,2 <br />4,]0 Loose 0.2 ,0.4 <br />10,30 Medium Dense 0.4 - 0,6 <br />30,50 Dense 0.6 - 0,8 <br />> 50 Very Dense 0.8 - 1.0 <br /> <br />DESCRIPTION OF ROCK II!.RDNESS <br /> <br />Verv Hard- Cannot be scratched with knife or sharp pick. Breaking of hand specimens requires several hard blows of <br />geologists pick. <br /> <br />Hard- Can be scratched with knife or pick only with difficulty. Hard blow of hammer required to detach hand <br />specimen. <br /> <br />Moderatelv Bard- Can be scratched with knife or pick. Gouges or grooves to 1/2 inch deep can be excavated by hard <br />blow of point of geologists piCk. Hand specimens can be detached by a moderate blow. <br /> <br />Mediuo- Can be grooved or gouged 1/16 inch deep by firm pressure on knife or pick point. Can be excavated in small <br />chips to pieces about one inch maximum size by hard blows of the point of a geologist's pick. <br /> <br />Soft- Can be gouged or grooved readily with knife or pick point. Can be excavated in chips to pieces several inches <br />in size by moderate blows of a pick point. Small thin pieces can be broken by finger pressure. <br /> <br />Very soft- Can be carved with a knife. Can be excavated readily with point of pick. pieces an inch or more in <br />thickness can be broken by finger pressure. Can be scratched readily by fingernail. <br /> <br />DESCRIPTION OF ROCK WEATHERING <br /> <br />Fresh- Rock fresh, crystals bright, a few joints may show slight staining. <br /> <br />Very slidht- Rock generally fresh, joints stained, some joints may show clay if open, crystals in broken face show <br />bright, <br /> <br />Slidht- Rock generally fresh- joints stained and discoloration extends into rock up to one inch. Open joints <br />contain clay. <br /> <br />Moderate- Significant portions of rock show discoloration and weathering effects, shows significant loss of strength <br />as compared with fresh rock. <br /> <br />Moderatelv severe- All rock except quartz discolored or stained. Rock shows severe loss of strength and can be <br />excavated with a geologists pick. <br /> <br />Severe- All rock except quart! discolored or stained, Rock 'fabric' clear and evident but reduced in strength to <br />strong soil. Sole fragaents of strong rock usually left, <br /> <br />very severe- All rock except quart! discolored or stained, Rock fabric discernible but lasS effectively reduced to <br />soil with only fragaents of strong rock relaining, <br /> <br />CoIplete- Rock reduced to 'soil'. Rock 'fabric' not discernible or discernihle only in saall scattered locations. <br />Quartz laY be present as dikes or stringers. . <br />