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<br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br /> <br />SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS <br /> <br />The rainfall event of June 28, 1997 was of an extreme magnitude that overwhelmed <br />drainage facilities both on and off campus. The overtopping of the irrigation canals west of <br />campus resulted from over eight inches of rain causing approximately 1,900 cfs of water to <br />enter campus near Elizabeth and Shields Streets. <br /> <br />On campus rainfall of 5.30 inches in six hours compares to 153 percent of 3.46 inches in six <br />hours for the 100-year event. The rainfall on campus was the largest event in over 100- <br />years of records that have been kept of rainfall on campus. The rainfall west of campus <br />was 8,51 inches or 246 percent of the 1 OO-year event. <br /> <br />The overtopping of the canals resulted in 1900 cfs of flow and 265,5 ac-ft of overtopping <br />compared with 200 cfs and 19.3 ac-ft of flow estimated for a 100-year rainfall. This is nearly <br />ten times the peak flow and over ten times the volume that was estimated for a 100-year <br />event. <br /> <br />All of the runoff from campus, and west of campus, overwhelmed the campus drainage <br />system. This caused major damage to fourteen buildings, and minor damage to an <br />additional ten buildings on campus. <br /> <br />The SWMM model previously developed for the campus master drainage plan adequately <br />estimated the high-water elevations experienced. Using the SWMM model proposed <br />master plan improvements were simulated. Although these improvements would have <br />reduced the high-water elevations that were experienced, the reduction would not have <br />significantly reduced the damages. <br /> <br />The enlargement of proposed detention facilities in the athletic area were explored, but the <br />extreme volume of the 1997 event would not be contained in the largest pond that could be <br />constructed on the site, <br /> <br />As a resuit, the best way to avoid major damage from another event of this magnitude <br />would be protection of buildings, and exploration of cooperation with the City to develop a <br />comprehensive plan for control of storm water to the west, in conjunction with improvements <br />of drainage facilities on Campus. <br /> <br />The following recommendations are made with regard to planning drainage improvements <br />on the CSU Campus: <br /> <br />. Determine the level of protection that is desired for campus facilities. This may be <br />variable depending upon the facility. For example, the library and heating plant may <br />require a 500-year level of protection, while other ciassroom facilities may only need <br />100-year protection, <br /> <br />. Provide building protection for critical facilities such as the library, heating plant, steam <br />tunnels, and student center, <br /> <br />. Continue with the construction of the Phase I improvements on campus as <br />recommended in the 1996 report. <br /> <br />18 <br /> <br />Ayres Associates <br />