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<br />Lesson 3 <br /> <br />Culvert Design - Participant Workbook <br /> <br />CULVERT INLETS <br /> <br />Side-tapered Inlet Slope-tapered Inlet <br /> - <br /> ,- <br />... ,~ Th=' ,- <br />Wails -~ ~.~ - <br /> S..,rion _Th. <br /> Elevation Elevation <br /> ,-" ~~ <br />-""- <br /> Plan Plan <br /> <br />. SELECTION OF AN INLET BASED ON: <br />- structural ztabillty <br />- aesthetics <br />- erosion con1rol and fiI! retention <br />- hydraulic performance <br />- economics and safety <br />. BEVELED EDGES PERFORM BETTER THAN <br />SQUARE EDGES <br />. IMPROVED INLETS CAN SIGNIFICANTLY <br />INCREASE Q <br /> <br />3.13 Improved Inlets Schematic <br /> <br />3.12 Culvert Inlet Selection (cont) <br /> <br />E. Side-tapered and slope-tapered inlets, commonly referred to as improved <br />inlets, can significantly increase culvert capacity. A side-tapered inlet <br />provides a more gradual contraction of flow and reduces energy losses. A <br />slope-tapered inlet, or depressed inlet, increases the effective head on the <br />control section and improves culvert efficiency. <br /> <br />3.3 CULVERT OUTLETS <br /> <br /> <br />CULVERT OUTLETS <br /> <br />. HYDRAULIC PERFORMANCE INFLUENCED <br />MORE BY TAILWATER CONDITIONS THAN <br />TYPE OF OUTLET <br />. OUTLET DESIGN MORE IMPORTANT FOR <br />TRANSITIONING FLOW BACK INTO NATURAL <br />CHANNEL <br /> <br />3.14 Schematic of HW and TW <br /> <br />3.15 Culvert Outlets <br /> <br />A. For culvert outlets, hydraulic performance is influenced more by tailwater <br />conditions in the downstream channel than by the type of outlet. <br /> <br />B. Outlet design is important for transitioning flow back into the natural <br />channel, since outlet velocities are typically high and can cause scour of <br />the downstream streambed and bank. <br /> <br />3-6 <br /> <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />