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<br />(3) Confined spaces should be mechanically ventilated continuously during <br />occupancy. Air tests similar to pre-entry tests should be conducted <br />during the occupancy period if oxygen depletion is suspected. The <br />use of a safety harness and life line may also be required, and one <br />person should always remain outside the confined space. <br /> <br />2-2.2. Drowning Hazards. <br /> <br />a. Scour Holes..-Erosion of the streambed during peak flows may leave <br />hazardous pockets of deep water. During periods of low flows, the water in <br />these scour holes may be considerably deeper than the depth of flow in the <br />culvert barrel or normal stream channel. The depth of scour holes may be <br />deceptive, and the inspectors should probe the streambed with a rod prior to <br />wading. <br /> <br />b. Flash Floods.,-Runoff from high intensity storms may reach peak flow <br />levels in small culverts very quickly. creating hazardous conditions for <br />inspectors inside the culvert barrel. Peak flow levels have been known to <br />occur in culverts before the rain actually falls at the culvert site. Culvert <br />inspectors should exercise caution when storms are approaching. <br /> <br />2-2.3. Traffic Hazards <br /> <br />Inspection activities and the parking of inspection vehicles on or near the <br />roadway may represent a potential hazard to passing motorists, pedestrians, or <br />the inspectors. It is important that proper traffic control measures be <br />used. Traffic control should conform to the Federal or State Manual of <br />Uniform Traffic Control Devices. <br /> <br />2-2.4. Miscellaneous Hazards. <br /> <br />a. Steep Embankments--Roadway embankments may be both high and steep <br />resulting in hazardous footing. Brambles, vines, and other underbrush may <br />create additional hazards which cause stumbling. Inspectors must exercise <br />caution when going up or down the roadway embankment. <br /> <br />b. Toxic Chemicals--On rare occasions streams may carry hazardous chemicals <br />from spills or leaking storage containers. Fires and explosions have resulted <br />from gasoline leaking into storm drainage systems. The inspector should be <br />aware of the potential hazard and exercise caution when toxic chemicals are <br />suspected in the water. <br /> <br />c. Animals--Underbrush and accumulations of drift and debris in and around <br />the culvert barrel may harbor rodents, snakes, or other animals which could <br />represent a hazard to the inspector, as shown in exhibit B. Poor lighting and <br />reduced space inside the culvert barrel may limit the inspector's ability to <br />react or avoid these hazards. The inspector should exercise caution when <br />removing debris or vegetation. <br /> <br />13 <br />