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<br />(5) Lighting devices, such as reflection mirror and flashlight. A <br />hat-mounted light such as a miner's lamp is preferable to a hand-held <br />flashlight. <br /> <br />(6) Photographic equipment, such as a camera and flash attachment. <br /> <br />(7) Marking devices, such as scribes, punch, spray paint, and keel. <br /> <br />(8) Record keeping supplies, such as field books, inspection forms, clip <br />boards, straight edge, and pencils. <br /> <br />(9) Personal protective safety equipment, such as gloves, hard hat, <br />safety shoes, boots, or waders. <br /> <br />(10) Traffic safety equipment, such as safety vests, signs, and cones. <br /> <br />(11) First-aid kit, such as emergency supplies to treat cuts, scrapes, <br />bites, or other minor injuries. <br /> <br />b. Specialized Equipment--Specialized equipment includes that equipment <br />which is required to provide access to inspection locations on a structure as <br />well as that equipment which is needed for special sampling and testing. The <br />collection of electrical resistivity data and soil water pH are examples of <br />specialized testing. Tests to obtain pH and resistivity data are not hard to <br />perform, and this information should be collected. Data of this type is <br />useful in analyzing long-term cost benefits. <br /> <br />(1) Ladders. Small portable ladders may be necessary to gain entrance to <br />culverts through manholes or similar structures. Step ladders or <br />other small ladders may be needed for close inspection of top slab or <br />crown of culverts. <br /> <br />(2) Small boat. A small boat may be needed during the inspection of a <br />large pipe culvert with water flow most of the time. <br /> <br />(3) Rope. A rope may be required for use as a safety harness or life <br />line when inspecting steep culverts. <br /> <br />(4) Transit or level surveying equipment. This equipment may be needed <br />for shape inspections of long span culverts. Such equipment is also <br />useful for determining culvert slope, depth of cover, and other <br />information. <br /> <br />(5) Mechanical ventilation and pre-entry air test equipment. These items <br />are necessary for inspection of confined spaces and culverts with <br />poor air circulation. <br /> <br />(6) Hole sawing equipment. Drills equipped with hole sawing or coring <br />attachments may be needed 'to obtain samples when durability problems <br />are observed. An appropriate power source such as a portable <br />generator will be required. Kits for plugging sampling holes are <br />a 1 so needed. <br /> <br />11 <br />