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Last modified
1/26/2010 10:09:14 AM
Creation date
10/5/2006 4:19:18 AM
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Title
Hydrologic Engineering Methods for Water Resources Development Volume 6
Date
7/1/1975
Prepared For
US
Prepared By
US Army Corps of Engineers
Floodplain - Doc Type
Educational/Technical/Reference Information
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<br />( <br />-J, <br />~-~J <br />----- <br />, <br />~ <br /> <br />Section 4.06. Contraction and Expansion Coefficients <br /> <br />Fluid mechanics texts treat losses due to contractions and ex- <br /> <br /> <br />pansions as "minor losses" that can be evaluated by multiplying the <br /> <br /> <br />difference in velocity heads due to the contraction or expansion by a <br /> <br /> <br />loss coefficient. Wnen such losses are considered in water surface <br /> <br />profile calculations for irregular streams, coefficients typically <br />assigned are 0.1 for contraction and 0.3 for expansion. In general. <br /> <br />ilOwever, the values are based on the amount of contracti on or expan- <br /> <br />sion. In no case should these loss coefficients be less than zero or <br /> <br />greater than 1.0. For manmade canals of uniform cross section, these <br />coefficients are normally set to O. <br /> <br />Section 4.07. RatinQ Curves <br /> <br />A rating curve defines a relationship between discharge and <br /> <br /> <br />water surface elevation at a given location. The curve may be unique <br /> <br />as in the case of a weir; or parametric as in the case of a stream <br /> <br />entering another stream or a regulated reservoir. So far as the <br /> <br /> <br />energy equation is concerned. the discharge and starting water sur- <br /> <br /> <br />face elevation can be completely independent from each other, however, <br /> <br /> <br />the physical characteristics of the river will govern the relationship <br /> <br /> <br />that actually exists. The term "control" is used to describe a location <br /> <br /> <br />where there is physical dependence between water surface elevation and <br /> <br />discharge, and profile calculations generally must start at a "control <br /> <br />cross section." <br /> <br />4.15 <br />
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