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<br />~,'-~-~"~ <br />-'~~ "'. " <br />r-.,......, ,- ':~:y..:,: " <br />I <br /> <br />-''''f'-~----- <br /> <br />-C.-.o--=-- <br /> <br />-~-~ <br /> <br />-2- <br /> <br />DAMES 8 MOORE <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />The Element of Risk <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />Risks are involved in all aspects of human endeavor; including <br /> <br /> <br />transportation, health, building construction. Society makes decisions, <br /> <br /> <br />either directly or inadvertently, on the types and degrees of risks it <, <br /> <br /> <br />will take. It is appropriate, therefore, to talk in terms of risk in <br /> <br /> <br />the design of dams. <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />There are two types of risks involved in dams. The first is <br /> <br /> <br />risk of failure of the main structure of the dam; the second is risk <br /> <br /> <br />of damage to the structure. These need to be considered separately, <br /> <br /> <br />because the first is concerned primarily with protection of human life; <br /> <br /> <br />the primary concern of the second is with economic optimization of <br /> <br /> <br />design. <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />Risks of Dam Failure <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />The Policy We Recommend <br /> <br /> <br />The primary design con0.ern, for protection of the dam is the <br /> <br /> <br />magnitude of the IDF and the risks that may be taken with respect to <br /> <br /> <br />loss of life in the event of dam failure. <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />The South Platte Valley has significant populatj~on in the <br /> <br /> <br />Ft. Morgan area and downstream. Studies by the USER estimate that <br /> <br /> <br />failure of the Narrows Dam would result in flood elevati.ons at Ft. <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />Morgan that would be 4.2 feet higher than under natural conditions <br /> <br /> <br />without the dam and 7.5 feet higher than if the dam would not fail. <br /> <br /> <br />If these estimates are combined with the fl8tural te,ndency of people <br /> <br /> <br />to occupy an area below a dam designed for fl~od control, it is evident <br /> <br /> <br />that a tragically high loss of Hfe is possible if the dam is designed <br /> <br /> <br />to accept a risk of failure. <br /> <br />I <br />II <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />Accordingly, we recommend that the Narrows Dam be designed <br /> <br /> <br />to prevent failure of the d~m, with no significant risk being taken <br /> <br /> <br />of overtopping of the da;". <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />I <br />