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<br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br /> <br />present the construction and land costs and column 9 in the <br /> <br /> <br />same Table presents operation and maintenance costs. In order <br /> <br /> <br />to present a comparison of costs and the previously described <br /> <br /> <br />benefits, the land and construction costs are converted to <br /> <br /> <br />average annual costs for a 50-year life at a 6-5/8% interest <br /> <br /> <br />rate. These costs are then added to the operation and mainten- <br /> <br /> <br />ance costs to determine the Total Average Annual Costs. It <br /> <br /> <br />should be noted that land acquisition costs are a significant <br /> <br /> <br />portion of the total construction costs. These costs are more <br /> <br /> <br />difficult to estimate and therefore subject to considerable <br /> <br /> <br />variation. These land acquisition costs are for obtaining <br /> <br /> <br />easements to provide access for maintenance. <br /> <br />2l <br /> <br />A detailed cost estimate for each sheet of the Master Plan <br /> <br /> <br />drawings is shown adjacent to the plan in the following <br /> <br /> <br />Section. Annual unit costs for operation and maintenance are <br /> <br /> <br />exhibited in Table VI-2. The unit prices used for estimating <br /> <br /> <br />the construction costs are shown in Table VI-3. <br /> <br />Comparison of Costs and Benefits <br /> <br /> <br />Table VI-l presents, for each reach, a comparison of the costs <br /> <br /> <br />and benefits in the basin. It should be noted that the benefits <br /> <br /> <br />and costs may vary radically from reach to reach, indicating <br /> <br /> <br />that construction of facilities is more cost-effective in <br /> <br /> <br />certain reaches. This can be seen in two parameters, the net <br /> <br /> <br />annual benefit, which is the difference between the average <br /> <br /> <br />annual benefits and the average annual costs, and the benefit- <br /> <br /> <br />cost ratio, which is the ratio of the average annual benefits <br /> <br /> <br />to the average annual costs. If the net annual benefits are <br /> <br /> <br />negative, or if the benefit-cost ratio is less than unity, the <br /> <br /> <br />cost of implementation of the Master Plan exceeds the value of <br /> <br /> <br />the benefits to be derived. <br /> <br />Table VI-4 exhibits a summary of the total costs of the two <br />improvement phases considered. <br /> <br />As pointed out in the Section "Determination of Benefits," <br /> <br /> <br />benefits accruing from a maintenance access along the drainage <br /> <br /> <br />course, and from the prevention of flooding of major arterials, <br /> <br /> <br />were not quantified. This must be remembered when the benefit <br /> <br /> <br />cost ratios for different reaches are analyzed and found to be <br /> <br /> <br />less than unity. <br /> <br />Costs shown in Table VI-l are for only the first of two phases <br />of construction considered herein. A detailed explanation of <br />the two phases is presented in Section VII. <br />