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<br />labeled "3" through "7" and totaling approximately 26 river-miles, were selected for study. All <br />five problem areas are within Prowers County, Colorado. Specific problem areas are described <br />in Table 1-1 and are depicted in Figure 1. The five areas selected for study do not include all <br />known problems within the reach downstream of John Martin Dam, nor are they necessarily the <br />most crucial. Rather, they were selected as examples of typical problems within the reach. <br /> <br />Table 1-1. Problem areas defined in this study. <br />Problem <br />area # Location <br />3 East of Lamar <br />4 Downstream from Big Sandy Creek <br />5 Granada area <br />6 Downstream from RR bridge near Amity <br />7 Near state line <br />'Length of reaches in hydraulic models. <br /> <br />Length' <br />(river-miles) <br />9.0 <br />2.3 <br />8.l <br />4.1 <br />2.6 <br /> <br />2. GENERAL BACKGROUND AND SETTING <br /> <br />2.l JOHN MARTIN RESERVOIR PROJECT <br /> <br />Jo1m Martin Dam is located on the Arkansas River in Bent County, Colorado. The dam <br />is located near the village of Caddoa and is approximately 18 river-miles upstream from Lamar <br />and 58 river-miles upstream from the Colorado-Kansas state line. <br /> <br />The John Martin Reservoir Project was authorized by Congress in the Flood Control Act <br />of 1936 (Public Law 74-738) as amended by the Flood Control Act of 1938 (Public Law 75- <br />761). The original project legislation authorized John Martin Dam and Reservoir to be <br />operated for flood control and conservation storage of irrigation supply. The Flood Control Act <br />of 1965 (Public Law 89-298) further authorized the establishment of a permanent pool not to <br />exceed 10,000 acre-feet for fish and wildlife and recreational purposes. <br /> <br />Construction at John Martin Dam began in 1939 with the relocation of approximately 20 <br />miles of the Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railway tracks. Dam construction began in <br />August 1940, but work was suspended in the spring of1943 due to World War II. <br />Construction resumed in the spring of 1946 and the project was completed in October 1948. <br />Operation of the reservoir officially began 11 March 1943, although water storage actually <br />began in December 1942. <br /> <br />The reservoir at the top of the flood control pool (elevation 3,870 feet) is approximately <br />l4.8-miles long with an average width of about 1.9 miles, and has a storage capacity of <br />605,115 acre-feet. Storage capacity at the top of the conservation pool (elevation 3,851 feet) is <br />approximately 335,693 acre-feet. <br /> <br />2 <br />