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<br />DRAFT <br /> <br />This modification will reduce construction costs since raising the sluice wall and reinforcing it to <br />withstand differential loading forces would have been costly. <br /> <br />Rlprtlp end chen"el stebillty. - The riprap on the first rock embankment downstream of the Union <br />Avenue dam was stable for all flows studied. The upstream face of the embankment was mainly <br />a deposition area. After the sand reached the elevation of the crest (5288 feet), it passed over the <br />embankment into the next pool. Riprap on the downstream face was stable through the 100-year <br />flood. <br /> <br />The orientation of the embankment was modified during the tests to minimize the possibility of <br />downstream channel erosion on the left or right bank. The orientation of boatchute 2 was changed <br />to align the direction of the flow to be parallel to the streambank. A wedge-shaped area was added <br />to the top of the embankment on the right to direct the flow away from the right bank of the river. <br />Both modifications had a positive effect on the flow downstream of the embankment. The tendency <br />for the flow to attack the banks was reduced. Bank erosion and channel maintenance should be <br />minimized by this design. <br /> <br />BIBLIOGRAPHY <br /> <br />Pugh, C. A., "Hydraulic Model Studies of Fuse Plug Embankments," U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. <br />REC-ERC-85-7, Denver, Colorado, December 1985. <br /> <br />Richard, Don, "Hydraulic Model Study of Riverside Park Dam, Grand Forks, North Dakota," <br />prepared for the North Dakota State Water Commission, (date???). <br /> <br />Samad, Mohammed A., Ph. D., John M. Pflaum, William C. Taggart, and Richard E. McLaughlin, <br />"Modeling of the Undular Jump for White Water Bypass," Water Fomm '86, Proceedings of the <br />American Society of Civil Engineers, (date???). <br /> <br />Simmons, William P., Thomas H. Logan, Richard A. Simonds, and Richard J. Brown, "Model <br />Studies of Denver White Water Channel," Journal of the Hydraulics Division, American Society of <br />Civil Engineers, July 1987. <br /> <br />U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, "Summary Report, Model Tests of Little Falls Dam," Waterways <br />Experiment Station, May 1985. <br /> <br /> <br />Vanoni, Vito A., Sedimentation Engineering, American Society for Civil Engineers, ASCE Task <br />Commillee for Preparation of the Manual on Sedimentation Commillee of the Hydraulics Division, <br />No. 54, New York City, New York, 1975. <br /> <br />Wright Water Engineers, "Feasibility Study, Boat Bypass Structure at Union Avenue Dam," <br />prepared for Colorado Water Conservation Board, September 1987. <br /> <br />13 <br />