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<br /> <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br /> <br />PROBLEMS AND CONCERNS <br /> <br />Physical <br /> <br />Channel Clearing - Because of permitting requirements, no <br /> <br /> <br />channel clearing has occurrd over the past 5 <br /> <br />years. One result is formation of sand and gravel <br /> <br /> <br />bars, and there are aggradation problems <br /> <br /> <br />throughout the study reach. Those effects <br /> <br /> <br />increase hazards in future flooding by reducing <br /> <br /> <br />channel capacity. <br /> <br />Erosion Problems - Flooding has caused channel and <br /> <br /> <br />streambank erosion throughout the study reach. As <br /> <br /> <br />a result, significant losses of irrigated.cropland <br /> <br /> <br />and pastureland have occurred. Further, erosion <br /> <br /> <br />damage to roadway and railroad embankments has <br /> <br /> <br />occurred also. In addition to land losses, <br /> <br /> <br />maintenance cost of irrigation diversion structure <br /> <br /> <br />have increased. Erosion has increased because <br /> <br /> <br />previous practices of streambank protection and <br /> <br /> <br />restoration are no longer accomplished. <br /> <br />Institutional <br /> <br />Federal - Section 404 of the Clean Water Act (33 USC 1344) <br />The U.S. Army Corps of Engineer interpretation of <br />this authority has restricted any flood mitigation <br />activities within the nation's river system <br />without a Corps approved permit. <br /> <br />The Corps' criteria for the issuance <br />of permits in many cases pose undue hardship or <br />expense on the applicant. In particular, the <br /> <br />-4- <br />