<br />Countermeasure Group
<br />
<br />Sonar scour monitor
<br />Maanetic slidinn collar
<br />Soundina rods
<br />PORTABLE INSTRUMENTATION
<br />Ph sical orobes
<br />SOllar probes
<br />VISUAL MONITORING
<br />PeriodIC lnsoection
<br />Flood watch
<br />
<br />TABLE 1 (continued)
<br />
<br />BRIDGE SCOUR AND STREAM INSTABILITY COUNTERMEASURES MATRIX
<br />
<br />FUNCTIONAL APPLICATIONS
<br />
<br />Countermeasure Characteristics
<br />SUITABLE RIVER ENVIRONMENT
<br />
<br />Contractiof'l IcelDebris Bank
<br />local Srour Scour Stream Instability River Type Stream Size Bend RadiU5 VAWitv Bed Material load Condition
<br />~ B=bratded W:wide L:1ong F=fast C:cotrtebed H=tllgtl V=vert1CllI
<br />Floodplain and M::ml!l8nder1ng M=mOOenrte M=mode!'ate M=modeme 5: sand bed M=11'lOderatI!I S=steep
<br />~....< Abutments Pie.. .n..
<br />
<br />FOUNDATION STRENGTHENING .
<br />eMch ""ntsiU_nn'"" 0 . . . I ,f __,f ,f ,f -"r ,f
<br />Crossbracina 0 . . . 0 -", ./ ./ ./ v1 ./
<br />Continuoussoans 0 . . . 0 ./ ./ ./ ./ yj ./
<br />Pumoed concrete/nrout under footina .....././././"./
<br />lower foundation . . . . . ./ ./ ./ ./ y1 ./
<br />PIER GEOMETRY MODIFICATION
<br />Extended footinns
<br />Pier shaOA modifications
<br />Debris deflectors
<br />Sacrificial nilesldolnhins
<br />'.X' .< .... './
<br />FIXED INSTRUMENTATION
<br />
<br />,f
<br />,f
<br />,f
<br />,f
<br />,f
<br />
<br /> N/A . N/A N/A N/A ,f ,f
<br /> N/A . N/A N/A N/A ,f ,f
<br /> N/A . N/A N/A N/A ,f ,f
<br /> N/A . N/A N/A N/A ,f ,f
<br />..... .-:"'X'-7- . .' .................... ....
<br /> I . . . I ,f ,f
<br /> . . . . I ,f ,f
<br /> I . . . I ,f ,f
<br /> . .1 . . I . I ,f I ,f
<br /> . .1 . I . I . I ,f I ,f
<br /> . . r . . r . I ,f I ,f
<br /> . I . -r . . I . I ,f ,f
<br /> . well suited/primary use
<br /> I possible application/secondary use
<br /> 0 unsuitable/rarely used
<br /> NfA not applicable
<br />
<br />,f
<br />,I
<br />,I
<br />,f
<br />GROUP I,. MONITORING F
<br />
<br />,f ,f
<br />,f ,f
<br />,f ,f
<br />,f ,f
<br />.'. ..........
<br />L ,f
<br />,f ,f
<br />M, L ,f
<br />
<br />,f
<br />,f
<br />,f
<br />,f
<br />
<br />,f
<br />,f
<br />,f
<br />,f
<br />
<br />,f
<br />,f
<br />M,S
<br />
<br />,f
<br />S F
<br />C
<br />
<br />,f
<br />,f
<br />,f
<br />
<br />,f
<br />,f
<br />
<br />M,S
<br />M, S I
<br />
<br />.; I M, L
<br />-,; T L I
<br />
<br />,f
<br />,f
<br />
<br />,f
<br />I ,f
<br />
<br />'01, I M, L I
<br />.I I M, L 1
<br />
<br />./ suitable for the fun range of the characteristic
<br />
<br />NOTES: ~
<br />1, There is limited but successful field expelience using beodway weirs/stream barbs as stream instability countern1easures
<br />2. Performance of welded versus twisted wire and PVC coated versus uncoated 'Nire gabions is not distinguished in the matrix-
<br />3. There IS limited field ex nee usin concrete armor units as otection for . I
<br />
<br />MAINTENANCE
<br />
<br />Floodplain
<br />
<br />Estimated Allocation of
<br />Resources INSTALLATION EXPERIENCE
<br />BY STATE
<br />
<br />DESIGN GUIDEUNE
<br />REFERENCE
<br />
<br />W=wide
<br />M=moderate
<br />N=narrowlnone
<br />
<br />H=high
<br />M=m~
<br />L"low
<br />
<br />~
<br />
<br />.}.. .......... .....}.U.
<br />
<br />,f
<br />,f I
<br />
<br />,f L FL. He. OR. TX
<br />,f L NC.Fl.tA
<br />,f L NC
<br />,f M GA. MD. ME, MN. Ne. NY. OR
<br />,f L CA. OR, TX
<br />,f L AI<, AL, NY. PA. TN, TX. WA 23
<br />,f M >L
<br />,f H-M CA. FL. NM. OR
<br />,f H-M 22.24
<br /> '.. ......... ... ... ..... ... .d.... ..-.
<br />,f M CO, FL, IN, NY. VA, TX 1518
<br />,f M co. FL, IN, M. MN. NM, NY. TX 15,18
<br />,f H AR,LA,NY 15,18
<br />,f I L IWirlPlv Used I 15 18
<br />,f I L IWi6elv Used I 15,18
<br />,f I H IWIdeIv Used I 15 18
<br />,f I H IWidely Used I 15,18
<br /> DG# design guideline attached
<br />
<br />,f I
<br />,f
<br />
<br />REFERENCES (numbers represent those in design guideline reference column)
<br />1 BROWN1: Brown, SA, 1985, -Design of Spur-type Streambank Stabilization Structures,- FHWAlRD-a.4J101, FHWA, Washington, D.C
<br />2 BROWN2: Brown, SA. 1985, "Streambank Stabilization Measures for Highway Engineers," FHWAlRD-84I100, FHWA, Washington, D.C.
<br />3 HEC-11: Brown. SA, E.S. Clyde, 1989, "Design of Riprap Revetment," Hydraulic Engineering Circular No. 11, FHWA-lfl..016, prepared for FHWA, Washington, D.C.
<br />4 HEC.20: lagasse, P,F., J,D. Schall, F. Johnson, E V, Richardson, F. Chang, 1995, "Stream Stability at Highway Structures," Hydraulic Engineering Circular No. 20, FHWA~HI-96-032, FHWA, Washington, D C
<br />5 HIRE: Rid1ardson, EV, D.B. Simons, P.Y. Julien, 1990, "Highways in the River Environment," prepared for FHWA throtlQh the Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, June
<br />6 HDS-1: Bradley, J.N. 1978, "Hydraulics of Bridge Waterways," Hydraulic Design Series No.1, U.S. Department of Tran . FHWA.
<br />7 USCOE: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 1981, "The Streambank Erosion Cootrol Evaluation and Demonstration Ad of 1 74." Final Report to Congress, Executive Summary and Conclusions
<br />8 KEOWN: Keown, M.P., 1983, "Streambank Protectioo Guidelines for landowners and local Governments," U.S. Army of Engine9l5, Waterways Experiment Station. VICksburg. Mississippi
<br />9 HEC-18: Richardson, EV, S.R. Davis, 1995, "Evaluating Scour at Bridges," Hydraulic Engineering Circular No, 18, FH ~Hl-96-031, FHWA, Washington, D.C.
<br />10 CLOPPER1: Clopper. P E., 1969, "Hydraulic Stability of Articulated Concrete Block Revetment Systems During Overtop 'ng Flow," FHWA-RD-89-199, Office of Engineering and Highway Operations R&D, Mclean VA
<br />11 CLOPPER2: Clopper, P.E., Y. Chen, 1988, "Minimizing Embankment Damage During Overtopping Flow," FHWA-RD-88-f181, Office of Engineering and Highway Operations R&D, Mclean VA.
<br />12 McCORQUOOALE1: McCorquOOale, J. A, 1991, "Guide for the Design and Placement of Cable Concrete Mats." R9pOrtlPrepared for the ManufacturefS of Cable Generate
<br />13 IIcCORQUOOALE2: McCorquodate, J. A., 1993, "Cabte-tied Concrete Block Erosion ProtecOOn," Hydraulic Engmeenngi93, San Francisco, CA, Proceedings (1993). pp. 1367-1372
<br />14 BRICE & BLOOGETT: Brice, J. C., Bkxigett, J.C., 1978 "Countermeasure for Hydrautic Problems at Bridges, Volumes 1 ~ 2," FHWA-RD-76-162 and 163, USGS, Menlo Park, CA.
<br />15 DP-97: Scour Monitoring and Instrumentation. Demonstration Project 97, Participants Workbook (November 1995) I
<br />16 QOGAARD: Odgaard, A.J. and Wang, Y.. "Sediment Management 'Nith Submerged Vanes. I and II ," JoumaI of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE Vol. 117, 3 (1991a and b) pp. 267-283 and 284-302
<br />17 KARIM: Karim, M., 1975, "Concrete Fabric Mat." Highway Focus, Vot 7. pp. 16 - 23.
<br />18 NCHRP21-3: lagasse, P,F, Richardson, EV, SchaR. J.D., Price. G.R, 1997, ftlnstrumentation for Measuring Scour at B~ Pie15 and Abutments," NCHRP project 21-3, Transportation Resean::h Board, February.
<br />19 CLOPPER3: Clopper, P.E., 1992, "ProteclinQ Embankment Dams with Conaete Block Systems: Hydro Review, Vol. X, No.2, April
<br />20 SIMONS: Simons, D.B" Chen Y.H., et aI., 1984, "Hydraulic Tests to Develop Design Criteria for the Use of Reno Mattresses." Civil Engineering Department - Engineering Research Center, CSU, Fort Collins, Co, Report.
<br />21 FOTHERBY: Fothefby, l.M., Ruff, J.F., 1995, "Bndge Scour Protecbon System Using Toskanes - Phase 1," Pennsytvania Deparlment of Transportation, Report 91..()2.
<br />22 PAlCE & HEY: Paioa. C., Hey. R, 1993, "The Control and Mooitoring of local Scour at Bridge Piers," Hydraul;c Engineering '93, San Francisco, CA., Proceedings (1993), pp. 1061~1066
<br />23 BERTOLDI: Bertoldi, DA, Jones, J.$., Stein, S.M., Kilgore, R.T., Atayee, AT, 1996, "An Experimental Study of Scour ProteCtion Attematives at Bridge Piers: FHWA-RD-95-187, Office of Engineering and Highway Operations R&D, McLean VA.
<br />124 CHANG Chang F. and Karim, M., 1972. "An Experimental Study of Reducing Scour Around BrickJe Piers Using Piles," South Dakota Department of HiQhways Report.
<br />
<br />17
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